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Introduction

The most frequent abdominal surgical emergency in the world, appendicitis can result in peritonitis, gangrene, appendicular abscess/mass, and perforation [3]. The most common abdominal operation is an appendectomy because appendicitis affects about 7% of people in their lifetime, with a peak incidence between the ages of 10 and 30. For more than a century, A dependable and effective treatment for treating acute appendicitis is an open appendectomy. By using laparoscopic surgery, the first appendectomy was performed in 1981 by German doctor Semm[4]. Despite being utilised even before laparoscopic cholecystectomy, LA has not yet shown to be the best method for appendectomy. Along with the renewed interest in minimally invasive surgeryShorter hospital stays, early mobilisation, quick bowel function recovery, and a manageable complication rate are some benefits that LA may offer. 20% to 30% of people with acute appendicitis go on to develop perforated appendicitis, which is linked to considerably higher risks of intra-abdominal abscess and wound infection as postoperative infectious sequelae[5-6]. In this investigation, we examined the efficacy and security of laparoscopy in the management of perforated appendicitis.

Patients and Methods

Patients with acute perforated appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic management are included in this prospective study. All patients will undergo investigations, which will include:

1- Renal function tests, CBC, Prothrombin time and concentration 2- Ultrasound of the abdomen (Abd U/S).

Inclusion criteria:

1. Patients with acute perforated appendicitis can be male or female.
2. Patients who are well enough for general anaesthesia and laparoscopy.
3. patients who sign an informed consent form in writing.
4. Patients who consent to submit contact information and shortterm outcome statistics.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Patients with severe comorbid conditions with high risk forgeneral anesthesia. 2. Appendicular abscess and appendicular mass.
3. Patients suffering from an ongoing infections including chest infections.
4. Children and pregnant females.

The Surgical technique:

Camera is introduced through the 12 mm periumbilical port. This port is placed using a Hassan technique or direct cut down method. A diagnostic laparoscopy is performed. A 5mm port is introduced in the right lower quadrant under vision[7]. A non traumatic grasper is introduced through this port to identify the appendix. At this point the small intestine is lifted out of the pelvis exposing the inflamed appendix. Careful manipulation is essential without directly grasping it to avoid bowel injury[8-9]. A suprapubic location receives a 10mm port. peritoneal bowel movement and pus aspiration following abdominal exposure. To separate the appendicular artery, a Maryland grasper is used, and a window is made in the mesentery. The isolated vessel is given three clips. Two clips are left on the patient’s side after the vascular has been divided into clips. The remaining portion of the mesentery is subsequently divided using diathermy. The appendix was then transected with a stapler or ligated with Endoloops and separated at its base. To guarantee haemostasis, we now evaluate the divided vessel and stump of the appendix. The appendix can be retrieved from an endobag[10–11].

Results

30 patients, including adult males and females, participated in the study. The age range of the patients under study was 18 to 65 years, with a mean age of 31.77 13.07 years. 30 patients were seen, of which 24 (80%) were female and 6 (20%) were male. The majority of patients had an increase in their total leucocytic count, or leukocytosis, and it was found that their mean WBCs ranged from 6 to 21.9 with a mean of 12.99 4.26. All 30 patients had the first diagnostic laparoscopy, and the following intraoperative findings were made: Appendicular mucocele, appendicular abscess, and gangrenous appendix all occurred once in seven patients (23.3%), while 20 patients (66.7%) had pus-free IPF collection + PA (perforated appendicitis) (very inflamed appendix). According to conversion to open surgery, only three cases (10%) were converted to open surgery. The disorders in consideration were appendicular abscess, gangrenous appendix, and appendix mucocele. In 27 cases (90%) the laparoscopic appendectomy was effectively performed first. Only one case (3.3%) of postoperative complications in the form of wound infection (appendicular abscess) was discovered following surgery on 30 individuals; the remaining 29 cases (96.7%) were free of complications. The average post-operative hospital stay for all patients was measured, and it was found that 23 cases, or 76.7% of the cases, were discharged within two days of admission, while 4 instances, or 13.3% of the cases, stayed one day at the hospital. 10% of the cases required a three- to four-day hospital stay, and those cases that required open surgery were those that required the longer hospital stay (appendicular abscess , gangrenous appendix and mucocele of the appendix). The post-operative hospital stay’s average was 2.00 0.59 standard deviations (1.0-4.0).

Discussion

Thirty patients received laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. Out of 30 instances, 27 individuals (or 90%) had appendices that had ruptured; the other three cases (all 3.3%) had appendicular abscesses, gangrenous appendices, and appendix mucoceles. Only one (3.3%) case of a surgical wound infection was documented. Only three cases (10%), including appendicular abscess, gangrenous appendix, and appendix mucocele, required open surgery. Our research supports the much decreased frequency of wound-related issues following laparoscopic appendectomy. Our data show that after LA for perforated appendicitis, the post-operative hospital stay and conversion rate have dramatically lowered.

Conclusion

According to the results of our study, laparoscopic appendectomy is a secure treatment for perforated appendicitis. Shorter hospital stays and a reduced conversion rate were the outcomes. The possibility of postoperative infections is decreased.

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This is a prospective non-randomized clinical study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Assiut University Hospitals from January 2019 to December 2019 and approved by the Institutional Research Board of Faculty of Medicine at Assiut University. IRB local approval number: 17100679.

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