Physical properties |
2013 |
2014 |
||
|
Depth of soil sample |
Depth of soil sample |
||
Particle distribution |
0 -15 cm |
15 – 30 cm |
0 -15 cm |
15 – 30 cm |
Sand % |
62.40 |
60.40 |
64.40 |
62.40 |
Silt % |
9.28 |
9.28 |
5.28 |
6.28 |
Clay % |
28.32 |
30.32 |
30.32 |
31.33 |
Soil texture |
Sandy clay |
Sandy clay |
Sandy clay |
Sandy clay |
Chemical properties |
||||
pHw (1:1) |
6.45 |
5.92 |
6.23 |
5.66 |
pHc (1:2) |
5.25 |
5.06 |
5.17 |
4.59 |
Organic carbon (gkg-1) |
0.83 |
0.42 |
0.81 |
0.52 |
Total nitrogen (gkg-1) |
0.07 |
0.05 |
0.10 |
0.07 |
Available phosphorus (mgkg-1) |
6.25 |
5.35 |
7.20 |
4.54 |
Calcium (cmol (+) kg-1) |
2.98 |
2.16 |
2.59 |
2.03 |
Magnesium (cmol (+) kg-1) |
0.75 |
0.55 |
0.83 |
0.53 |
Potassium (cmol (+) kg-1) |
0.21 |
0.18 |
0.26 |
0.17 |
Sodium (cmol (+) kg-1) |
0.19 |
0.20 |
0.16 |
0.20 |
Cation exchange capacity (cmol (+) kg-1) |
4.63 |
4.06 |
4.06 |
3.64 |
Zinc (mgkg-1) |
0.21 |
0.23 |
0.18 |
0.09 |
Copper (mgkg-1) |
0.17 |
0.16 |
0.13 |
0.06 |
Iron (mgkg-1) |
9.26 |
7.88 |
7.68 |
9.68 |
Manganese (mgkg-1) |
13.84 |
17.25 |
18.11 |
21.06 |
Table 1 : Physical and chemical properties of soil at the experimental site in 2013 and 2014 cropping season.
Parameters |
2013 |
2014 |
||
Chemical properties |
Cattle manure |
Poultry manure |
Cattle manure |
Poultry manure |
pHw |
7.13 |
6.84 |
7.42 |
6.75 |
Nitrogen (%) |
1.65 |
3.82 |
1.73 |
3.41 |
Organic carbon (%) |
28.16 |
30.25 |
28.94 |
31.09 |
Phosphorus (gkg-1) |
10.74 |
12.92 |
11.44 |
12.86 |
Calcium (gkg-1) |
3.24 |
28.01 |
3.75 |
29.13 |
Magnesium (gkg-1) |
0.34 |
0.87 |
0.53 |
1.06 |
Potassium (gkg-1) |
0.74 |
1.84 |
0.62 |
1.75 |
Sodium (gkg-1) |
0.54 |
2.45 |
0.49 |
2.22 |
Zinc (mgkg-1) |
32.80 |
78.11 |
31.42 |
69.57 |
Copper (mgkg-1) |
21.78 |
42.53 |
19.82 |
38.11 |
Iron (mgkg-1) |
6.10 |
15.63 |
7.55 |
19.26 |
Manganese (mgkg-1) |
22 |
18.01 |
4.77 |
18.88 |
Table 2: Chemical analysis of cattle and poultry manure used for this study in 2013 and 2014 cropping season.
|
|
Weeks After Sowing (WAS) |
||||
Treatment |
Levels |
2 |
4 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
CM |
0 t/ha |
4.30 (4.66) |
6.60 (8.78) |
9.07 (11.74) |
12.12 (13.76) |
10.46 (12.55) |
|
5 t/ha |
4.30 (4.68) |
6.75 (9.39) |
9.54 (12.36) |
12.32 (14.77) |
10.71 (12.83) |
|
10 t/ha |
4.32 (4.72) |
6.76 (9.15) |
9.42 (12.00) |
12.22 (14.24) |
10.61 (12.65) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS (NS) |
NS (0.320) |
NS (0.452) |
NS (0.481) |
NS (NS) |
PM |
0 t/ha |
4.18 (4.62) |
6.29 (8.70) |
8.84 (11.14) |
11.21 (13.28) |
10.09 (12.16) |
|
5 t/ha |
4.34 (4.80) |
6.92 (9.35) |
9.51 (12.55) |
12.40 (14.74) |
10.62 (12.96) |
|
10 t/ha |
4.40 (4.65) |
6.91 (9.27) |
9.67 (12.42) |
13.05 (14.74) |
11.22 (12.01) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.118 (0.152) |
0.265 (0.320) |
0.380 (0.452) |
0.501 (0.481) |
0.345 (0.345) |
IF |
0 kg/ha |
4.19 (4.57) |
6.60 (8.37) |
9.10 (10.91) |
11.94 (13.16) |
9.88 (12.10) |
|
200/kg ha |
4.26 (4.74) |
6.65 (9.50) |
9.36 (12.53) |
12.07 (14.74) |
10.88 (12.55) |
|
400/kg ha |
4.47 (4.75) |
6.68 (9.45) |
9.56 (12.67) |
12.65 (14.86) |
11.17 (13.38) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.118 (0.152) |
NS (0.320) |
NS (0.452) |
0.501 (0.481) |
0.345 (0.345) |
Figures in bracket are for 2014; NS= not significant
Table 3: Effect of treatment on number of leaves per plant at 2,4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing
(WAS)
|
|
Weeks After Sowing (WAS) |
||||
Treatment |
Levels |
2 |
4 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
CM |
0 t/ha |
8.26(8.25) |
19.84(29.17) |
47.51(65.63) |
104.67 (151.22) |
162.67 (199.09) |
|
5 t/ha |
8.61(8.45) |
20.97(30.77) |
50.84(72.02) |
111.99 (171.61) |
181.12 (213.34) |
|
10 t/ha |
8.61(8.31) |
20.71(30.21) |
50.56(70.66) |
117.83 (165.74) |
173.43 (209.09) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS(NS) |
NS (NS) |
NS (NS) |
NS (14.548) |
NS (10.068) |
PM |
0 t/ha |
7.77(7.84) |
17.23(27.34) |
41.49(61.62) |
96.69 (138.96) |
148.85 (191.46) |
|
5 t/ha |
8.74(8.68) |
22.10(31.82) |
52.64(73.81) |
115.42 (173.64) |
178.52 (213.41) |
|
10 t/ha |
8.97(8.48) |
22.19(30.90) |
54.78(72.88) |
122.39 (175.96) |
189.85 (215.65) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.595(0.396) |
1.824(2.844) |
4.447(6.009) |
13.122 (14.548) |
22.685 (10.068) |
IF |
0 kg/ha |
7.96(7.95) |
20.15(24.90) |
48.65(60.18) |
108.41 (146.61) |
166.85 (190.16) |
|
200kg/ha |
8.48(8.54) |
20.18(32.27) |
48.84(72.48) |
110.25 (165.89) |
173.08 (211.09) |
|
400kg/ha |
9.04(8.52) |
21.20(32.90) |
51.41(75.67) |
115.84 (176.05) |
177.28 (219.27) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.595(NS) |
1.824(2.844) |
NS (6.009) |
NS (14.548) |
NS (10.068) |
Figures in bracket are for 2014; NS= not significant
Table 4: Effect of treatment on plant height per plant at 2,4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing
(WAS)
|
|
Weeks After Sowing (WAS) |
||||
Treatment |
Levels |
2 |
4 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
CM |
0 t/ha |
0.69 (0.71) |
1.41 (1.96) |
2.38 (3.18) |
3.07 (3.58) |
2.74 (2.74) |
|
5 t/ha |
0.75 (0.75) |
1.46 (2.23) |
2.59 (3.27) |
3.20 (3.60) |
2.83 (2.85) |
|
10 t/ha |
0.71 (0.73) |
1.48 (2.12) |
2.49 (3.29) |
3.21 (3.73) |
2.84 (2.81) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS (NS) |
NS (0.191) |
NS (NS) |
NS (NS) |
NS (0.229) |
PM |
0 t/ha |
0.65 (0.69) |
1.19 (1.91) |
2.09 (2.91) |
2.84 (3.19) |
2.62 (22.62) |
|
5 t/ha |
0.76 (0.76) |
1.57 (2.24) |
2.54 (3.41) |
3.20 (3.78) |
2.85 (2.88) |
|
10 t/ha |
0.73 (0.75) |
1.60 (2.16) |
2.83 (3.42) |
3.44 (3.94) |
2.94 (2.89) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.076(0.051) |
0.125(0.191) |
0.232(0.192) |
0.151(0.265) |
0.110(0.229) |
IF |
0 kg/ha |
0.69 (0.72) |
1.43 (1.63) |
2.40 (2.80) |
3.04 (3.18) |
2.68 (2.61) |
|
200 kg/ha |
0.72 (0.73) |
1.43 (2.24) |
2.51 (3.43) |
3.12 (3.74) |
2.76 (2.82) |
|
400 kg/ha |
0.73 (0.75) |
1.50 (2.44) |
2.56 (3.51) |
3.33 (3.98) |
2.97 (2.96) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS (0.051) |
NS (0.191) |
NS (0.192) |
0.151(0.265) |
0.110(0.229) |
Figures in bracket are for 2014; NS= not significant
Table 5: Effect of treatment on stem diameter per plant at 2,4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing
(WAS)
Treatment |
Levels |
Leaf area index |
first node with ear |
number of days to first tasseling |
number of days to 50% tasseling |
CM |
0 t/ha |
0.18 (0.27) |
6.62 (7.68) |
59.15 (53.59) |
66.41 (59.63) |
|
5 t/ha |
0.19 (0.31) |
6.85 (7.92) |
58.33 (51.93) |
65.52 (57.85) |
|
10 t/ha |
0.20 (0.30) |
6.87 (7.97) |
57.48 (51.74) |
65.00 (57.56) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS (NS) |
NS (NS) |
NS (NS) |
NS (NS) |
PM |
0 t/ha |
0.17 (0.25) |
6.22 (7.17) |
60.52 (55.15) |
67.00 (61.11) |
|
5 t/ha |
0.20 (0.31) |
6.90 (8.04) |
57.44 (51.30) |
65.04 (57.34) |
|
10 t/ha |
0.20 (0.32) |
7.22 (8.36) |
57.00 (50.82) |
64.89 (56.59) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
0.016 (0.034) |
0.225 (0.451) |
1.191 (1.889) |
1.377 (1.468) |
IF |
0 kg/ha |
0.18 (0.27) |
6.53 (7.07) |
59.34 (54.19) |
67.11 (60.30) |
|
200 kg/ ha |
0.19 (0.30) |
6.80 (8.17) |
58.63 (52.08) |
65.85 (58.04) |
|
400 kg/ha |
0.20 (0.31) |
7.00 (8.33) |
56.99 (51.00) |
63.96 (56.70) |
|
LSD P≤ 0.05 |
NS (0.034) |
0.225 (0.461) |
NS (1.889) |
NS (1.468) |
Figures in bracket are for 2014; NS= not significant
Table 6: Effect of treatment on leaf area index, number of node with ear, number of days to first
and 50% tasseling
Tables at a glance