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Introduction

Human (Homo sapiens) are highest intelligent primates whereas the virus is microscopic agent and they only infects in living target cells of an animals such as Ebola virus cause of viral hemorrhagic fever (Ebola hemorrhagic fever) of human, Rabies virus damage brain cells, HIV damage human immune system, Smallpox generate fever, progressive skin rash, Influenza virus or flu infects respiratory system e.g. nose, throat and lungs, Dengue virus cause of fever is called dengue fever is characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting, rash etc, the dengue fever first case in 1950s in Philippines, Thailand., SARS- Co virus initiate severe acute respiratory syndrome or SARS, it was first find in China in 2002 and the another type of virus SARS-CoV-2 is also called coronavirus that cause of COVID-19 disease and the first infections noted in China in December 2019 (Anne Harding and Nicoletta Lanese, March 2020). The rapid spread of the infections from affected person to healthy individual globally noted, there is way of spread of it is droplets of saliva, discharges particle or droplets of nose due to sneezing, coughs etc. The target organ of the virus is lung, respiratory system affected, gaseous exchange in alveolar bed is gradually suppress and various symptoms noted in the persons such as fever, dry cough, tiredness etc are common, there are less common symptoms are aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, headache, loss of taste or smell, skin rash, discolouration of fingers or teos etc. The COVID-19 disease infected persons has following serious symptom are difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure, loss of speech or movement and death may occurs. There are so many similarities between the affected persons of COVID-19 and influenza or flu, the both cases are acute respiratory illness yet the viruses are different e.g. the COVID-19 disease by new coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2 and flu by influenza viruses (CDC, 2020). The arrear of symptoms of the affected take 5 – 6 days normally and it takes up 14 days maximally. The human coronavirus first identified in 1965 that can cause of common cold, the virus has crown like appearance. More than 8000 people was infected by SARS in China and there 774 people was recorded by July 2003. The SARS evolutes in coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2 recorded in China country in December 2019. The virus rapidly spreads from one person to person, there is no record of infection in others animas. The rapid spread from one country to another and so on globally, rapid infection spread that cause of hampered the medical treatment system and rapid death rate in develop country refer or denoted as pandemic (WebMD, 2021). The World Health Organization or WHO declared the pandemic in March 2020 due to 102 million cases of infections and more than 2.2 million deaths by COVID-19 disease. The WHO publish the guideline for prevention of the infections in population, there are so many important sites in human beings that’s social distancing, use of face masks in public place, hand washing, sanitization, covering own mouth during sneezing or coughing or in disinfecting surface, monitoring and self isolation etc. The lockdown in pandemic situation by COVID-19 has play preventive role of spread of infection, preventive for new infection cases, preventive for increase death date etc, but due to the periods there are so many hampered in socio-economical status, educational status, there is stop of various industries, small to medium type of industries or plants etc. The COVID-19 causes lockdown in 2020 has harmful in educational system till now February 2021. There is close of school, college, university indifferent state includes West Bengal. The close educational system is relief by online educational system there are large problems to operate the system e.g. for the educational system common requirements are android call phone, high spread network, lack of good communication between students and teachers, lack of practical class, lack of taking unit test or internal assessment exam etc. The students in the time are more suffers due to the points and there psychological changes may occur, there is increase a distance of learning and memory (Wikipedia, 2021). The pre-education in children is start with midday meal programme for accelerate the health and proper education in school. The students reach in graded classes and attend in college and then university. The higher education system in India consists of education of college and university that is under control of university grant commission or UGC. The UGC as well as higher education system engaged for increase the gross enrolment ratio or GER in education by 30 % in 2020. There is autonomous body by UGC is refer as national assessment and accreditation council (NAAC) for assessment and accredit the education system in India on basis and recommendation of national policy of education by 1986. The UGC also for providing the contributing to national development, helps for prepare the global competencies among students and incubating a value system among them etc (Study in India, 2018). The educational quality hampered in higher education system due to pandemic by COVID-19 disease in different countries includes India. The students are suffering with lack of proper teaching in class room, lack of proper assessment system, lack of high speed network system in call phone etc that causes also for problems of students and teachers in higher education system [1-3].

Review of Literature

Anne Harding and Nicoletta Lanese (2020), SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the same large family of viruses as SARS-CoV, known as coronaviruses, and was first identified in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan. The virus likely originated in bats, like SARS-CoV, and passed through an intermediate animal before infecting people.

Britannica (2021), Higher-educational institutions include not only universities and colleges but also various professional schools that provide preparation in such fields as law, theology, medicine, business, music, and art. Higher education also includes teacher-training schools, junior colleges, and institutes of technology.

Unicef for every child (2020), more than 90 per cent of the countries adopted digital and/or broadcast remote learning policies, only 60 per cent did so for pre-primary education.

Effect of COVID-19 on Socio-Economical Condition and Education

The social-economical condition include both social condition and economical condition of an family as well as community, has different components of it e.g. education, number of members of family, earning income monthly or annually, number of earning members, system of sanitation, type of home etc. The socio-economical status or SRS has high, middle and low types in a community. The income of a family members varies enrolment of job, there are earning types may include wages, salaries, profits, rents etc. The educational status or degrees are literate, illiterate, viii level, metric, high school, graduation, post graduation, doctorates etc, the educational has graded into academic and professional. The educational status and income or types of job also attached and there social condition and healthy lifestyle also relative factors. Due to pandemic situation the educational system is stop for prevent the spread of infection by new coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2 in students and teachers, research scholars, stuffs etc. The close education initiate from March 2020 to till now (March 2021), the education or teaching of exam process etc methods in alternative ways e.g. the online admission, online registration system, and online form fill up and online examination is performed with online result out through the android phone or laptop or desktop with high speed network system. Due to online education system there is total lacking of practical classes and students suffering the practical topics and that is cause of hamper the interest of take understand theory topics and both students and teachers also suffer the network system and that is cause of lacking to understand all topics spontaneously line in offline mode of education. The school close across 188 countries due to pandemic by COVID-10 diseases, out of them 90 percent countries may join in online education system by using modern technology e.g. internet, TV and radio (unicef for every child, September 2020) [4-6].

Effect of COVID-19 on Higher Education

Higher education is tertiary education or post-secondary education provides academic degree. There are different types, not only study of colleges and universities, also include professional schools, law, theology, medicine, business, music, art, teacher-training schools, junior colleges, institutes of technology etc (Britannica, 2021). The higher education system has similarity with other countries. Indian’s higher education system is the third largest in the world and this is under control of University Grants Commission. According to census 2001, there are post-graduate degree other than technical degree college 6,949,707, graduate degree other than technical degree college 25,666,044, engineering and technology college 2,588,405, Teaching college 1,547,671, medicine college 768,964, agriculture and dairying college 100,126, veterinary college 99,999, others 22,588 in India (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2021). There are different types of universities are private universities 260, central universities 47, national open university 01, state open university 13, institutes of national importance 74, state public university 290, institute under state legislature 05, deemed-to-be university 123 in India (India education, 2021). Due to pandemic in the year 2020, the lockdown is the best one to prevent the spread of infections of coronavirus from infectious person to healthy persons. The COVID-19 preventive guideline is maintained by world health organization (WHO). The total lockdown condition, there is close of educational institutions from 22th March 2020 in India and it is continue in some of states of India include West Bengal. The educational condition now in the period is driven by online system. The online education system not also helpful to students and teachers, there are too much disadvantages with some of advantages. Out of them the main advantage is in complicated pandemic situation the higher educational system is enriched by modern technology in online education system. There are so many disadvantages of both students and teachers such as lacking of total understanding of the topic taught, lack of practical based syllabus portion, lack of practical topics in academic, in professional causes and in technological courses or degree courses there the total syllabus is practical based are also hampered, through online education the degree is gain but there is so much deficient in students. The high speed network and android phone not available to all students in West Bengal are suffers within the system, they continue the degree through another ways like collection of copy of study materials. Lack of high speed network hamper the understand the total topic of teaching, there is miss communication between students and teachers also [7-9].

Conclusion

The pandemic condition due to cause of activity of COVID-19 in the spending of total times of year 2020, the socio-economical loss with education loss that also involve with future years. The lockdown is not performed in the time of all cases except education, there is close of school, colleges and universities of West Bengal states that hampered the education of learning students and also not helpful to appointment in different categories of jobs in the state. The higher education performed in alternative ways e.g. online education that also provide the degree or grade but there is too much lack of academic topics or syllabus in understanding mode.