1Lao TT, Wong W (1999)The neonatal implications of a high placental ratio in small-for-gestational age infants. Placenta 20:723-726.

2Barker DJ, Osmond C, Golding J, Kuh D, Wadsworth (1989) Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life and mortality from cardiovascular disease. BMJ 298:564-567.

3Barker DJ, Bull AR, Osmond C, Simmonds SJ (1990) Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life. BMJ 301:259-262.

4Prombon S, MiMP, Chaturachind K (1983) Birthweight, placental weight and gestation time in relation to natural selection in Thailand. Ann Hum Genet 47:133- 141.

5Naeye RL (1987) Do placental weights have clinical significance? Hum Pathol. 1987;18:387-391.

6Baergen RN (2011) Macroscopic evaluation of the second and third-trimester placenta. In: Manual of Benirschke and Kaufmann's Pathology of the human placenta. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media 25.

7Benirschke K, Kaufmann P, Baergen RN (2006) Examination of the Placenta. In Pathology of the human placenta. 5th edition. New York: Springer 1-30.

8Hargitai B, Marton T, Cox PM (2004) Best Practice No 178: Examination of the human placenta. J Clin Pathol 57:785-792.

9Khong TY, et al. (2016) Sampling and Definitions of Placental Lesions – Amsterdam Placental Work group Consensus Statement. Arch Pathol Lab Med 140: 698- 713.

10Kinare As, Natekar AS, Chinch wadkar MC, Fall CH, Howe DT (2000) Low mid-pregnancy placental volume in rural Indian women: A cause for low birth weight? Am J Obstet Gynecol 182:443-448.

11Asgharnia M, Esmalipour N, Poorghorban M, and Atrkar-Roshan Z (2008) Placental Weight and its Association with Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics. Acta Medica Iranica 46: 467-472.

12Perry I J, Beevers DG, Whincup PH, Bareford D (1995) Predictors of the ratio of placental weight to fetal weight in multiethnic community. BMJ 18: 436-439.

13Lo YF, Jeng MJ, Lee YS, Soong WJ, Hwang B (2002) Placental weight and birth characteristics of healthy singleton newborns. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 43:21-25.

14Thompson J, Irgens L, Skjaerven R, Rasmussen S (2007) Placenta weight percentile curves for singleton deliveries. BJOG 114:715-720.

15Dombrowski MP, Berry SM, Johnson MP, Saleh AA, Sokol, RJ (1994) Birth weight- length ratios, ponderal indexes, placental weights, and birth weight-placenta ratios in a large population. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 148:508-512.

16Molteni RA, Stys SJ, Battaglia FC (1978) Relationship of fetal and placental weight in human beings: fetal/placental weight ratios at various gestational ages and birth weight distributions. J Reprod Med 21:327-334.

17Little RE, Zadorozhnaja TD, Hulchiy OP, Mendel NA, et al. (2003) Placental weight and its ratio to birth weight in a Ukrainian city. Early Hum Dev 71:117-127.

18Janthanaphan M, Kor-Anantakul O, Geater A (2006) Placental weight and its ratio to birth weight in normal pregnancy at Songkhlanagarind Hospital. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet 89:130-137.

19Barker DJ, Osmond C, Thornburg KL, Kajantie E, Eriksson JG (2011) The lifespan of men and the shape of their placental surface at birth. Placenta 32:783- 787.

20Ericksson JG, Kajantie E, Thornburg KL, Osmond C, Barker DJ (2011) Mothers body size and placental size predict coronary heart disease in men. Eur Heart J 32: 2297-2303.

21Shehata F, Levin I, Shrim A, Ata B, Weisz B, Gamzu R, Almog B (2011) Placenta/birth weight ratio and perinatal outcome: a retrospective cohort analysis. BJOG 118:741–747.

22Molteni RA (1984) Placental growth and fetal/placental weight (F/P) ratios throughout gestation-their relationship to patterns of fetal growth. Semin Perinatol. 8: 94-100.

23Heinonen S, Taipale P, Saarikoski S (2001) Weights of placentae from small-for-gestational age infants revisited. Placenta 22: 399-404.

24Salafia CM, Zhang J, Miller RK, et al. (2007) Placental growth patterns affect birth weight for given placental weight. Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 79: 281-288.

25Nogueira R, Sousa S, Braga AC, Azevedo A, Pereira N, et al. ( 2018) Measurements in First-Trimester Abortion Products: A Pathologic Study. Arch Pathol Lab Med 0181-OA.