+CE (n=422)

- CE (n=483)

p

Mean age,years

78.7±7.7

82.4±7.7

<0.0001

Female gender,

211(50.1%)

325(67.3%)

<0.0001

Median weight, kg

74.8 (62.5-86.6)

66.2(56.7-81.6)

<0.0001

Mean SBP, mmHg

147.1 ±29.2

150.7±28.4

0.06

SBP <100 mmHg

14 (3.3%)

12(2.5%)

0.32

Mean HR

85.4(±17.9)

84.5(±16.0)

0.47

HR >100

73 (17.3%)

78(16.1%)

0.47

Median GCS

15 (14-15)

15 (15-15)

0.03

AIS Head >3

152(36.1% )

157 (32.5%)

0.26

Median ISS

16(9-21)

10(9-17)

<0.0001

Median Scr, mg/dl

0.87 (0.7-1.07)

0.92(0.7-1.26)

0.003

Scr> 1.5 mg/dl

13 (3.1%)

73 (15.1%)

<0.0001

eGFR>60 ml/min/1.73m2

311(73.9%)

261(54.0%)

<0.0001

eGFR=60 and >30 ml/min/1.73m2

106(25.2%)

185 (38.3%)

 

eGFR=30 ml/min/1.73m2

5(1.2%)

37(7.6%)

 

Diabetes mellitus

110 (26.1%)

117 (24.2% )

0.51

Received packed RBC prior to or in ED

12(2.9%)

6(1.2%)

0.08

Renal or bladder injuries

3 (0.7%)

1 (0.2%)

0.34

Intubated prior to or in ED

40(9.5%)

17(3.5%)

<0.0001

Median volume of contrast in first 48 hours, ml a

100 (100-100)

----

---

AKI

21(5.0%)

31(6.2%)

0.36

30-day mortality

35 (8.3%)

26 (5.4%)

0.08

Table1 Characteristics of patients with and without contrast exposure

 

AKI(n=52)

No AKI (n=853)

p

Mean age,years

81.1 (±8.2)

80.6(±7.9)

0.67

Female gender

26 (50.0%)

510 (59.9%)

0.16

Median weight, kg

81.8 (68.5-98.4)

69.4(58.1-83.6)

0.001

Mean SBP, mmHg

147.6(±30.7)

149.1(±28.8)

0.74

SBP<100 mmHg

3 (5.7%)

24 (2.8%)

0.20

Mean HR

79.9 (±14.2)

85.2(±17.0)

0.01

HR>100

6 (11.5%)

143(16.7%)

0.4

Median GCS

15(15-15)

15(14-15)

0.17

AIS Head >3

16 (30.7%)

293 (34.3%)

0.65

Median ISS

12 (9-17)

13(9-18)

0.77

Median Scr, mg/dl

1.07(0.74-1.34)

0.88(0.70-1.12)

0.03

Scr>1.5 mg/dl

8 (15.4%)

78 (9.2%)

0.14

eGFR>60 ml/min/1.73m2

27(51.9%)

545(63.9%)

0.08

eGFR>30 and =60 ml/min/1.73m2

21(40.4%)

270 (31.6%)

 

eGFR=30 ml/min/1.73m2

4(7.7%)

38(4.5%)

 

Diabetes mellitus

20(38.5%)

207(24.5%)

0.02

Received packed RBC prior to or in ED

2 (3.9%)

16 (1.9%)

0.28

Renal or bladder injuries

0(0%)

4(0.47%)

1.0

Intubated prior to or in the ED

2(3.9%)

55(6.5%)

0.77

+CE

21 (40.4%)

400(46.9%)

0.36

30-day mortality

7(13.5%)

54(6.4%)

0.08

br>






Table2 Univariate analysis of predictors associated with early AKI

 

+CE

-CE

P

eGFR =30 ml/min/1.73m2

 

 

0.41a

AKI

1

3

 

No AKI

4

34

 

 

 

 

 

eGFR>30 and = 60 ml/min/1.73m2

 

 

0.82a

AKI

7

14

 

No AKI

99

171

 

 

 

 

 

GFR3>60 ml/min/1.73m2

 

 

0.56a

AKI

13

14

 

No AKI

298

247

 









Table3 Association between contrast exposure CE and early AKI stratified by estimated glomerular filtration rate

aFisher exact test

Mantel-Haenszel common odds ratio: 0.85 (95% C.I. 0.45, 1.56)

Breslow– Day test for homogeneity of odds, p=0.59

 

+CE

-CE

P

Scr =1.5

 

 

0.64a

AKI

20

24

 

No AKI

388

386

 

 

 

 

 

Scr>1.5

 

 

1.0a

AKI

1

7

 

No AKI

12

66

 









Table4 Association betweencontrast exposure and early AKI stratified by admission serum creatinine

aFisher’s exact test

Mantel-Haenszel common odds ratio 0.83 (95% C.I. 0.44-1.54)

Breslow– Day test for homogeneity of odds, p=0.96

 

Nonsurvivors(n=61)

Survivors (n=844)

p

Mean age,years

83.2±7.7

80.5±7.9

0.011

Female gender

28 (45.9%)

508 (60.2%)

0.027

Median weight, kg

72.5 (55.2-84.88)

69.9(59.0-83.9)

0.84

Mean SBP, mmHg

144.2±38.9

149.3±28.0

0.32

SBP<100 mmHg

6 (9.8%)

21(2.5%)

0.007

Mean HR

88.2±20.4

84.7±16.6

0.20

HR>100

14 (23.0%)

136 (16.1%)

0.20

Median GCS

14(3-15)

15(15-15)

<0.0001

AIS Head >3

40(65.6%)

269(31.9%)

<0.0001

Median ISS

19 (15-26)

 

13 (9-17)

<0.0001

Median Scr, mg dl-1

1.11(0.82-1.36)

0.89(0.70-1.11)

0.0003

Scr>1.5 mg dl-1

12 (19.7%)

74 (8.8%)

0.011

eGFR>60 ml/min/1.73m2

25 (41.0%)

547 (64.9%)

<0.0001

eGFR>30 and ≤60 ml/min/1.73m2

33 (54.1%)

258 (30.6%)

 

eGFR≤30 ml/min/1.73m2

3 (4.9%)

39 (4.6%)

 

Diabetes mellitus

209 (32.8%)

207(24.5%)

0.15

Received packed RBC prior to or in ED

8 (13.1%)

10 (1.2%)

<0.0001

Renal or bladder injuries

0

4 (0.47%)

1.0

Intubated prior to or in the ED

27 (44.3%)

30 (3.6%)

<0.0001

CE (n, %)

35(57.8%)

386(45.8%)

0.08

Early AKI

7 (11.5%)

45 (5.3%)

0.077

Table5 Univariate analysis of predictors of 30-day mortality

Variable

Coefficient

Odds ratio (95% C.I.)

p

Constant

-5.71

 

0.007

Age

0.043

1.05 (1.00-1.09)

0.033

Female gender

-0.59

0.55 (0.30- 1.03)

0.063

GCS

-0.26

0.77 (0.72- 0.83)

<0.0001

ISS

0.045

1.05 (1.01-1.08)

0.006

GFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2

0.44

1.57 (0.36-6.89)

0.55

GFR >30 or ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73m2

0.78

2.19 (1.13-4.26)

0.021

Received blood in or prior to the ED

1.34

3.63 (1.15-12.15)

0.034

HR

0.016 

1.02 (1.00-1.03)

0.087

AKI

1.07

2.90 (1.08- 7.78)

0.034

CE

0.17

1.18 (0.61- 2.30)

0.61

Pre-existing diabetes

0.44

1.56 (0.79-3.06)

0.22

Table6 Multivariate analysis of predictors of 30-day mortality by stepwise logistic regression.

areferent is eGFR>60 ml/min/1.73m2

Chi-square goodness of fit tests: Pearson,χ2=815.03, p=0.9; Deviance,χ2 =321.57, p=1.0