Control

COPD

p Value

GSH (U/ml)

0.159±0.47

0.024±0.013

<0.001*

MDA (nmol/ml)

0.179±0.057

0.871±0.265

<0.001*

Hb (g/dl)

14.76±1.50

15.42±1.75

0.124

Hct (%)

44.38±4.51

48.06±6.09

0.010*

LDL (mg/dL)

109.40±31.08

98.97±38.22

0.251

TG (mg/dL)

116.77±81.12

126.63±56.92

0.588

HDL (mg/dL)

45.77±10.80

39.20±7.50

0.009*

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

178.73±41.25

163.23±45.67

0.173

D-dimer (µg/l)

152.93±95.29

228.70±216.63

0.087

EF (%)

64.07±4.81

60.27±4.07

0.002*

O2 saturation (%)

96.97±1.67

83.60±5.44

<0.001*

CAT† (U/ml)

0.002-0.002

0.0004-0.000

<0.001*

CRP† (mg/l)

0.400-0.388

0.670-0.648

<0.001*

Table 1. Overview of parameters under investigation in COPD patients and the control group.
(Abbreviations: COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GSH: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde; Hb: hemoglobin; Hct: hematocrit; LDL: low-density lipoproteins; TG: triglycerides; HDL: high-density lipoproteins; EF: ejection fraction; CAT: catalase; CRP: C-reactive protein; *: statistically significant; †: expressed as median-interquartile range)

 

PHT (-)

PHT (+)

p Value

GSH (U/ml)

0.023-0.008

0.022-0.015

0.385

MDA (nmol/ml)

0.769-0.613

0.801-0.265

0.362

Hb (g/dl)

15.35-1.10

15.80±3.35

0.539

Hct (%)

47.45-5.92

49.45-11.80

0.672

LDL (mg/dL)

124.00-39.50

85.50-62.25

0.046*

TG (mg/dL)

152.00-119.75

105.00-64.50

0.038*

HDL (mg/dL)

40.50-10.25

43.00-12.50

0.298

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

193.00-52.25

160.00-53.25

0.117

D-dimer (µg/l)

167.00-156.00

140.00-213.00

0.882

EF (%)

60.00-7.50

60.00-6.25

0.687

O2 saturation (%)

86.00-5.25

82.00-9.00

0.089

CAT (U/ml)

0.0004-0.0003

0.0004-0.0004

0.866

CRP (mg/l)

0.67-0.66

0.67-0.70

0.799

Table 2. Comparison of COPD patients with and without PHT†.
(Abbreviations: COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GSH: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde; Hb: hemoglobin; Hct: hematocrit; LDL: low-density lipoproteins; TG: triglycerides; HDL: high-density lipoproteins; EF: ejection fraction; CAT: catalase; CRP: C-reactive protein; *: statistically significant)
†: All data have been expressed as a median-interquartile range.

Variable

Correlate

p Value

r

Age

MDA

0.032

0.282

GSH

MDA

0.001

-0.418

TG

0.004

0.375

MDA

EF

0.025

-0.293

O2 saturation

<0.001

-0.536

Hct

HDL

0.019

-0.307

LDL

TG

0.005

0.361

Cholesterol

<0.001

-0.536

TG

HDL

0.032

-0.282

Cholesterol

<0.001

0.514

Cholesterol

CRP

0.012

-0.327

CRP

EF

0.002

-0.392

D-dimer

O2 saturation

0.022

-0.301

Table 3. Correlation of biochemical, inflammatory and cardiorespiratory variables in the whole study population.

(Abbreviations: GSH: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde; Hct: hematocrit; LDL: low-density lipoproteins; TG: triglycerides; HDL: high-density lipoproteins; EF: ejection fraction; CRP: C-reactive protein; *: statistically significant)