Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Students (%)

Medical  

18.4

Medical residency

9.2

Nursing

6.1

Dental 

6.2

Dental residency

1.8

Pharmacology

13.3

Paramedical science

9.9

PhD program

3.0

Associate's degree

1.9

Other Bachelor's programs

21.2

Master's degree

9.0

Table 1:Academic Programs of Survey Respondents (N=1000)

Survey Item

Yes 

No 

Not sure 

Do you think you will ever quit smoking entirely? (N=53)

47.1%

24.5%

28.3%

Are you planning to quit in the next 6 months? (N=48)

29.1%

64.5%

6.2%

In the past 2 years, have you tried to quit using tobacco? (N=53)

 28.3%

71.6%

Very Difficult

Difficult

Moderately Difficult

Easy

Very Easy

If you have tried to quit smoking, how difficult was it? (N=18)

55.5%

27.7%

11.1%

5.5%

0

Table 2:Intention to Quit Tobacco Use among Shiraz University of Medical Sciences' Students

Survey Item

How much health risk is there from regularly…

Low %

Moderate %

High %

Smoking cigarettes?

7.2

21

72

Using waterpipe (hookah)?

12.4

16.8

69

Using smokeless tobacco?

17.6

25.7

56.7

How addictive are…

Low %

Moderate %

High %

Cigarettes?

15.3

28.1

56.6

Waterpipe (hookah)?

22.1

35.9

42

Smokeless tobacco?

30

31.6

38.4

Should smoking be allowed…

Allowed %

Not Allowed %

Only in designated areas %

 In restaurants?

7.1

71.6

31.2

 In health care facilities?

4.4

80.6

15

On a university campus?

12.4

70

17.6

Table 3:Tobacco Knowledge and Attitudes among Shiraz University of Medical Sciences' Students

Survey Item 

Mean*

 Sex § (p<0.01)

Tobacco use increases popularity among peers

3.61

M

Tobacco use can cause gum disease

1.91

F

Tobacco use is a way for people to express their independence

3.36

M

People who regularly use tobacco have a much harder time performing in sports

2.55

F

Tobacco uses no more risky than many other things people do

2.83

M

Tobacco use can cause tooth loss

1.75

F

A pregnant woman can harm her unborn baby if she uses any form of tobacco

1.55

F

Tobacco use is an oral health problem

1.55

F

Young people who use tobacco have more friends

3.49

M

Tobacco use could lead to oral cancer

1.76

F

Secondhand smoke can adversely affect the health of nonsmokers

1.47

F

Quitting tobacco use is mainly a matter of willpower

1.77

F

Smokeless tobacco is less harmful to an individual user than smoking cigarettes

3.21

M

Waterpipe (hookah) smoking is less harmful to an individual user than smoking cigarettes

3.22

M

Smoking is an acceptable way to relax

3.57

M

Nicotine in tobacco causes cancer

2.8

F

As a health professions student, I feel I require further training in helping patients quit tobacco

2.42

F

Patient tobacco use and dependence is difficult to discuss in my professional discipline

2.91

F

As a health provider, I believe my efforts in addressing tobacco use with patients will be worthwhile

2.36

F

To help patients stop smoking, other referral agencies or health professionals are generally better equipped than those in my discipline.

2.51

M

Patients may be offended if I raise the issue of their tobacco use

2.48

F

* Scale was 5 points: 1=Strongly Agree, 2=Agree, 3=Neither Agree nor Disagree, 4=Disagree, 5= Strongly Disagree § Sex of students having strongest agreement with the survey item. M=Male, F= Female.

Table 4:Tobacco Attitudes among Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Health Professions' Students

Survey Item

Response (p<0.01)

Yes

No

Have you used tobacco in the last 30 days?

Dental

Do you or someone you live with smoke at home?

Medical, Master's  students

Totally Agree/Agree

Disagree/Totally Disagree

People who regularly use tobacco have a much harder time performing in sports.

Medical, Master's students

Bachelor's students

Tobacco use is no more risky than many other things people do.

Paramedical Science

Dental

Young people who use tobacco have more friends.

Master's students, Dental

Bachelor's students

Smokeless tobacco is less harmful to an individual user than smoking cigarettes.

Bachelor's, Dental

Medical residents, Pharmacology students

Waterpipe (hookah) smoking is less harmful to an individual user than smoking cigarettes.

Nursing, Paramedical Science

Low

High

How much health risk is there from using smokeless tobacco on a regular basis?

Dental

How addictive is smokeless tobacco?

Paramedical Science

 Medical residents

Table 5:Comparison of Tobacco Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors among Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Students of Different Health Professions Programs (N=1000)

Items

R2

Variable

B

SE

P value

EXP(B)

95%CI

lower

upper

Smoking in 30 past days

0.169

female(male ٭ )

-1.422

280

<0.001

0.241

0.139

0.418

no one regularly smoke inside home(some one regularly smoke inside home ٭ )

-8.8

327

0.007

0.415

0.219

0.787

constant

0.652

0.310

0.035

1.919

Smoking at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime

0.150

Most of friends smoke (none of friends smoke ٭ )

2.176

0.916

0.018

8.808

1.464

53.009

female(male ٭ )

-1.19

0.486

0.014

0.302

0.117

0.783

constant

-1.577

0.289

<0.001

0.206

Water pipe use at least 20 times

0.167

Visitors are allowed to smoke inside home(visitors aren't allowed ٭ )

1.522

0.406

<0.001

4.582

 2.069

10.148

Live In own city but separate from family in personal house(In my city and with my family ٭ )

2.716

1.030

0.008

15.123

2.009

113.866

constant

-2.655

0.419

<0.001

0.070

٭ Reference group R2= nagelkerke R square, B= coefficient, SE=standard error, EXP (B) = odds ratio, 95%CI = 95% confidence intervals

Table 6:Smoking Predictors among Health Professions Students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.