Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of mothers with combined preeclampsia or eclampsia in San Bernardino County in 2007 and 2008.

2007

2008

Total

No Preeclampsia or Eclampsia

Combined Preeclampsia or Eclampsia

Total

No Preeclampsia or Eclampsia

Combined Preeclampsia or Eclampsia

n (%)

N = 33 193

n = 32 466

n = 727

N = 32 035

n = 31 363

n = 672

Mother's Pre-pregnancy BMI

     Underweight   (<18.50)

1 789

1 773 (6.33)

16 (2.47)

1 781

1 759 (6.35)

22 (3.70)

     Normal            (18.50-24.99)

14 966

14 708 (52.52)

258 (39.75)

14 496

14 294 (51.62)

202 (33.95)

     Overweight     (25.00-29.99)

6 381

6 226 (22.23)

155 (23.88)

6 360

6 198 (22.38)

162 (27.23)

     Obese              (=30.00)

5 516

5 296 (18.91)

220 (33.90)

5 649

5 440 (19.65)

209 (35.13)

IOM Qualitative Weight Gain

     Too Little

14 863

14 611 (45.00)

252 (34.66)

14 202

13 940 (44.45)

262 (38.99)

     Just Right

9 950

9 748 (30.03)

202 (27.79)

10 038

9 869 (31.47)

169 (25.15)

     Too Much

8 380

8 107 (24.97)

273 (37.55)

7 795

7 554 (24.09)

241 (35.86)

Maternal Age (years)

     < 18 years

1 422

1 390 (4.28)

32 (4.40)

1 317

1 293 (4.12)

24 (3.57)

     18-<35 years

27 918

27 357 (84.27)

561 (77.17)

26 886

26 360 (84.05)

526 (78.27)

     35 years or older

3 851

3 717 (11.45)

134 (18.43)

3 832

3 710 (11.83)

122 (18.15)

Maternal Race/Ethnicity

     Non-Hispanic white

20 059

19 655 (59.21)

404 (55.57)

19 213

18 830 (60.04)

383 (56.99)

     Non-Hispanic black

8 218

8 022 (24.71)

196 (26.96)

8 013

7 836 (24.98)

177 (26.34)

     Hispanic

2 800

2 706 (8.33)

94 (12.93)

2 756

2 682 (8.35)

74 (11.01)

     Asian/Pacific Islander

1 925

1 897 (5.84)

28 (3.85)

1 824

1 794 (5.72)

30 (4.46)

     Other/Multi/Unknown

191

186 (0.57)

5 (0.69)

 229

221 (.70)

8 (1.19)

Mother's Years of Education

     0-8 years

2 360

2 309 (7.17)

51 (7.04)

2045

2 009 (6.46)

36 (5.41)

     9-11 years

7 831

7 699 ((23.90)

132 (18.23)

7 504

7 352 (23.65)

152 (22.86)

     12 years

11 145

10 877 (33.77)

268 (37.02)

10 399

10 169 (32.71)

230 (34.59)

     13-15 years

7 445

7 251 (22.51)

194 (26.60)

7 699

7 529 (24.22)

170 (25.56)

     16 years or more

4 153

4 074 (12.65)

79 (10.91)

4 102

4 025 (12.95)

77 (11.58)

Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization Index

     Not Adequate

901

878 (43.10)

23 (33.33)

791

777 (39.66)

14 (26.42)

     Adequate

1,189

1,147 (56.31)

42 (60.87)

1,201

1,162 (59.32)

39 (73.58)

     Adequate Plus

16

12 (0.59)

4 (5.80)

20

20 (1.02)

0 (0.00)

Primary Payer for
Prenatal Care

     Uninsured

1 084

1 060 (3.26)

24 (3.30)

888

871 (2.78)

17 (2.53)

     Private Insurance

13 920

13 676 (42.12)

244 (33.56)

13 295

13 705 (41.69)

220 (32.74)

     Medi-Cal

16 236

15 851 (48.82)

385 (52.96)

15 844

15 473 (49.34)

371 (55.21)

     Other

1 953

1 879 (5.79)

74 (10.18)

2 008

1 944 (6.20)

64 (9.52)

Table 2. Crude, age-adjusted, and multivariable odds ratios with 95% confidence interval limits for preeclampsia outcome alone among mothers in San Bernardino County in 2007 and 2008.

2007 (n=705)

2008 (n=656)

Crude

Age-Adjusted1

Multivariable2

Crude

Age-Adjusted1

Multivariable2

Maternal Pre-pregnancy
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

     Underweight

0.49
(0.29, 0.83)

0.50
(0.30, 0.84)

0.50
(0.30, 0.84)

0.92
(0.59, 1.44)

0.94
(0.60, 1.46)

0.92
(0.59, 1.43)

     Normal Weight

1.00
(Reference)

1.00
(Reference)

     Overweight

1.41 (1.15, 1.72)

1.39 (1.13, 1.70)

1.42
(1.15, 1.75)

1.88
(1.52, 2.32)

1.86
(1.50, 2.30)

1.88
(1.51, 2.34)

     Obese

2.32
(1.93, 2.80)

2.32
(1.92, 2.79)

2.26
(1.87, 2.74)

2.81
(2.30, 3.42)

2.78
(2.28, 3.39)

2.77
(2.26, 3.40)

IOM Qualitative Weight Gain

     Too Little

0.83
(0.68, 1.00)

0.80
(0.67, 0.97)

0.82
(0.68, 1.00)

1.00
(0.90, 1.34)

1.08
(0.89, 1.31)

1.11
(0.91, 1.36)

     Just Right

1.00
(Reference)

1.00
(Reference)

     Too Much

1.63
(1.35, 1.97)

1.64
(1.36, 1.98)

1.61
(1.33, 1.95)

1.86
(1.52, 2.28)

1.89
(1.54, 2.31)

1.84
(1.49, 2.25)

1 - Age-adjusted model is crude model + maternal age a confounder.

2 - Multivariable model adjusts for maternal age, race/ethnicity, years of education, Adequate of Prenatal Care Utilization index, and primary payer for prenatal care.

Table 3. Crude, age-adjusted, and multivariable odds ratios with 95% confidence interval limits for preeclampsia and eclampsia outcomes combined among mothers in San Bernardino County in 2007 and 2008.

2007 (n=727)

2008 (n=626)

Crude

Age-Adjusted1

Multivariable2

Crude

Age-Adjusted1

Multivariable2

Maternal Pre-pregnancy
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

     Underweight

0.52
(0.31, 0.86)

0.52
(0.31, 0.86)

0.52
(0.31, 0.86)

0.89
(0.57, 1.38)

0.90
(0.58, 1.40)

0.88
(0.56, 1.37)

     Normal Weight

1.00
(Reference)

1.00
(Reference)

     Overweight

1.42
(1.16, 1.74)

1.40
(1.14, 1.71)

1.43
(1.17, 1.76)

1.85
(1.50, 2.28)

1.83
(1.48. 2.25)

1.85
(1.49, 2.29)

     Obese

2.37
(1.97, 2.84)

2.36
(1.97, 2.84)

2.31
(1.91, 2.78)

2.72
(2.24, 3.31)

2.69
(2.21. 3.27)

2.68
(2.19, 3.28)

IOM Qualitative Weight Gain

     Too Little

0.82
(0.69, 1.00)

0.81
(0.672,0.98)

0.82
(0.68, 1.00)

1.10
(0.90, 1.33)

1.08
(0.89, 1.31)

1.10
(0.90, 1.35)

     Just Right

1.00
(Reference)

1.00
(Reference)

     Too Much

1.63
(1.35, 1.95)

1.64
(1.36, 1.97)

1.60
(1.32, 1.92)

1.86
(1.53, 2.27)

1.89
(1.55, 2.31)

1.84
(1.50, 2.25)

1 - Age-adjusted model is crude model + maternal age a confounder.

2 - Multivariable model adjusts for maternal age, race/ethnicity, years of education, Adequate of Prenatal Care Utilization index, and primary payer for prenatal care.