Characteristic

Group consuming sago

Rarely (n=81)

Often (n=100)

n (%)

n (%)

Gender

 

 

Man

26(32.1)

36(36)

Women

55(64.9)

64(64)

Age

 

 

50 year

41(50.6)

44(44)

≥50 year

40(49.4)

56(56)

Educational level

 

 

Low education

66(81.5)

91(91)

High education

15(18.5)

9(9)

Occupation

 

 

Not occupation

23(28.4)

29(29)

Occupation

58(71.6)

71(71)

Family Income/month

 

 

Low

70(86.4)

94(94)

High

11(13.6)

6(6)

Physical activity

 

 

High

55(67.9)

66(66)

Moderat

26(32.1)

34(34)

Smoking

 

 

Yes

67(82.7)

84(84)

No

14(17.3)

16(16)

Family History of DM

 

 

Yes

9(11.1)

5(5)

No

72(88.9)

95(95)

Table1: Characteristics of subjects from the group that consumes sago <140 g/day and ≥ 140 g/day

Variable

Groups consuming sago

Mean±SD

Rarely(n=81)

Often(n=100)

n (%)

n (%)

RCBG

 

 

102.28 ± 27.76

   <140 mg/dL

74(91.4)

91(91)

 

   140-200 mg/dL

7(8.6)

9(9)

 

BMI

 

 

23.67±5.09

   18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2

49(60.5)

69(69)

 

   25–27.0 kg/m2

32(39.5)

31(31)

 

SBP

 

 

132.04±25.52

   Normal (<130 mm/Hg)

42(51.9)

52(52)

 

   Hypertension (≥130 mm/Hg)

39(48.1)

48(48)

 

DBP

 

 

82.39±14.26

   Normal (<80 mm/Hg)

42(51.9)

64(64)

 

   Hypertension (≥80 mm/Hg).

39(48.1)

36(36)

 

Choolesterol

 

 

171.03±66.28

   Normal (≤200 mg / dL)

55(67.9)

77(77)

 

   High (≥200 mg dL).

26(32.1)

23(23)

 

WC

 

 

85.21±12.08

   Normal: Men (<90 cm) &  Women (<80 cm)

57(70.4)

70(70)

 

   High risk: Men (≥90 cm) & Women (≥80 cm).

24(29.6)

30(30)

 

Table 2. Distribution of subjects' clinical sign
RCBG, random capillary blood glucose; BMI, body mass index, SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Cholesterol; WC, waist circumferences

 

RCBG <140 mm/dL (n=16)

RCBG 140-200 mm/dL (n=165)

 

Rarely

Often

p-value

Rarely

Often

p-value

Gender

 

 

0.257

 

 

0.659

     Man

2(28.6)2)

5(55.6)

 

24(32.4)

31(34.1)

 

     Women

5(71.4)

4(44.4)

 

50(67.6)

60(65.9)

 

Age

 

 

0.158

 

 

0.510

     <50 year

4(57.1)

2(22.2)

 

37(50)

42(46.2)

 

     ≥50 year

3(42.9)

7(77.8)

 

37(50)

49(53.8)

 

Educational level

 

 

0.727

 

 

0.000

     Low

6(85.7)

8(88.9)

 

60(81.1)

83(91.2)

 

     High

1(14.3)

1(11.1)

 

14(18.

8(8.8)

 

Occupation

 

 

0.705

 

 

0.957

     No occupation

2(28.6)

3(33.3)

 

21(28.4)

26(28.6)

 

     Occupation

5(71.4)

6(66.7)

 

53(71.6)

65(71.4)

 

Family Income/month

 

 

-

 

 

0.000

   Low 

7(100)

9(100)

 

63(85.1)

84(93.4)

 

   High

0(0)

0(0)

 

11(14.9)

6(6.6)

 

Physical activity

 

 

0.158

 

 

0.268

      High

4(57.1)

7(77.8)

 

51(68.9)

59(64.8)

 

      Moderat

3(42.9)

2(22.2)

 

23(31.1)

32(35.2)

 

Smoking

 

 

0.727

 

 

0.715

     Yes

6(85.7)

8(88.9)

 

61(82.4)

76(83.5)

 

     No

1(14.3)

1(11.1)

 

13(17.6)

15(16.5)

 

Family History

 

 

-

 

 

0.002

     Yes

7(100)

9(100)

 

65(87.8)

86(94.5)

 

     No

0(0)

0(0)

 

9(12.2)

5(5.5)

 

Table 3. Subjects’ demographic characteristics according to sago consumption
All estimates were weighted and calculated taking the complex study design into account. P-value was obtained from a t-test independent, P value < 0.05

Characteristic

RCBG <140 mm/dL (n=16)

RCBG 140-200 mm/dL (n=165)

 

Rarely

Often

p-value

Rarely

Often

p-value

BMI (kg/m2)

 

 

0.158

 

 

0.064

   Normal

4(57.1)

7(77.8)

 

45(60.85.1)

62(68.1)

 

   Overweight

3(42.9)

2(22.2)

 

29(39.2)

29(31.9)

 

SBP (mmHg)

 

 

0.705

 

 

0. 958

   Normal

5(71.4)

6(66.7)

 

34(45.9)

42(46.2)

 

   Hypertension

2(28.6)

3(33.3)

 

40(54.1)

49(53.8)

 

DBP (mmHg)

 

 

0.705

 

 

0.033

   Normal

5(71.4)

3(33.3)

 

34(45.9)

33(36.3)

 

   Hypertension

2(28.6)

6(66.7)

 

40(54.1)

58(63.7)

 

Cholesterol (mm/Hg)

 

 

0.258

 

 

0.025

   Normal

3(42.9)

2(22.2)

 

23(31.1)

21(23.1)

 

   High

4(57.1)

7(77.8)

 

51(69.9)

76(76.9)

 

WC (cm)

 

 

0.257

 

 

0.747

   Normal

2(28.6)

4(44.4)

 

22(29.7)

26(28.6)

 

   High risk

5(71.4)

5(55.6)

 

52(70.3)

65(71..4)

 

Table 4. Subjects’ clinical signs according to sago consumption
All estimates were weighted and calculated taking the complex study design into account. BMI, Body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumferences. P-value was obtained from a t-test independent, P value < 0.05

 

RCBG

SBP

DBP

Cholesterol

WC

BMI

Sago consumption
x2
P

 

12.6
0.092

 

-8.6
0.25

 

-13.4
0.071

 

-16.5
0.026

 

17.5
0.019

 

9.1
0.221

RCBG
x2
P

 

 

18.4
0.013

 

-5.4
0.472

 

0.9
0. 906

 

9.8
0.188

 

-112
0.875

SBP
x2
P

 

 

 

59.8
0.000

 

24.2
0.001

 

8.1
0.279

 

-2.7
0.715

DBP
x2
P

 

 

 

 

8.3
0.266

 

11.1
0.136

 

9.3
0.211

Cholesterol
x2
P

 

 

 

 

 

1.5
0.845

 

-11.8
0.113

WC
x2
P

 

 

 

 

 

 

75.6
0.000

Table 5 Correlation among significant factors among subjects consuming sago
All estimates were weighted and calculated taking the complex study design into account. RCBG, random capillary blood glucose; BMI, Body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumferences. P-value was obtained from a Pearson correlation test, P-value < 0.05