Unit operations

Cleaning

Soaking

Milling

Fermentation

Sieving

Fermentation

Incorporation of rice

Incorporation of milk

Cooking and addition of sugar and/or caramel

Incorporation of milk

Packaging

Methods

Table 2: Presentation of the different unit operations according to various processes of production of the slurry containing

		Duration of operations	Temperature of operations
Technological operations	Sorting	20 – 30 minutes	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Washing	10 – 15 minutes	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Soaking	02 – 16 heures	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Fine grinding	07 – 12 minutes	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Fermentation	02 – 8 heures	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Wet sieving	30 – 40 minutes	Ambiente (27 – 34 °C)
	Cooking	55 – 90 minutes	98 – 100 ºC
	Packaging	90 – 120 minutes	52 – 100 °C

Table 4: Evaluations of some technological parameters for 3 kg of waste

Technological opération	Quantity of incoming material of waste (g)	Quantity of ingrédients (g)	Quantity of material leaving (g)	Yield
Sorting	4 200	-	4000	0.95
Washing 1	4 000	Water: 7434	4045	1,01
Washing 2	4 045	Water: 7434	4100	1,01
Soaking	4 100	Water: 7434	4360	1.06
Milling	4 360	-	4300	0.98
Wet sieving	4 300	Water: 15 000	19300	4.49
Cooking	19300	Rice : 0.25 kg ; Sugar : 0.5 kg ; Milk : 200g ; caramel : 0.25 kg	20 000	1.03
Packaging	2 package	-	-	-

Table 5: Material balance

		Sex			Marital status
		M (%)	F (%)	Other (%)	Married (%)	Single (%)	Other (%)
Respondents	Producers	0	100	0	58,33	33,33	8,33
	Distributors	5,26	94,74	0	15,78	47,37	36,84
	Consumers	83,19	16,81	0	30,97	55,75	13,27

Table 6: Sex and marital status of respondents (producers, distributors and consumers)

Material	Number	Amount	Amortization (years)	Amortization/month (F CFA)
Bassin	2	9000	5	150
Sieve	1	300	1	25
Sieve	1	400	1	34
Bowl	2	150	1	13
Canvas	1	300	1	25
Hearth	1	2500	5	42
Pot	1	7000	5	117
Palette	1	300	5	5
Filtration system	1	3000	5	60
Cashier for sale	1	8000	5	134
Total	12	30950		605

Table 7: Amortization of the material for the production of the nutsedge-based porridge

Operations	Price/Unity for sale	Quantity	Cost (FCFA)
Purchase of nutsedges	1300 FCFA/measure	2 local measures	2600
Purchase of sugar	600 FCFA/Kg	1 kg	600
Purchase of sachets	250 FCFA/package	2 packages	500
Purchase of water	25 FCFA/Bassin	2 bassins	50
Coal	250 FCFA/package	1 package	250
Amortization/Production*	-	-	37.8125 FCFA
Unput (1)**	-	-	4037.815 FCFA
Output* (2)**	-	-	11200 FCFA
Profit margin	-	-	7162.18175 FCFA
Rate of return	-	-	1.773

Table 8: Financial profitability of the production of nutsedge-based porridge

NB: * Monthly depreciation (605 FCFA) divided by the number of productions per month (16);
** Total expenditure for a slurry production from two measures of slurry (6 kg of porridge);
*** Sum generated by the sale of production of porridge from 6 kg of waste.

Locality (Prefectures)	Number of producers surveyed	Number distributors surveyed	Number of consumers surveyed
AGOE-NYIVE	3	7	36
GOLFE	7	8	43
LACS	2	4	34
Total	12	19	113

		Equipment used
Technological Operations	Cleaning	Tray, bassin, basket
	Soaking	Bassin
	Milling	Grinding mill grinding wheel, motar
	Wet sieving	Sieve in nylon fabric (mesh less than 0,05 mm)
	Cooking	Bassin
	Packaging	Sachets for packaging (packaging of 50 and 100 FCFA)