Table 1

Peel extracts	Ctrl	HD	LD
BV	93.42 ± 2.28	100.14 ±1.80 (+7.19 %)	92.35 ± 2.19 (-01.14%)
DC	99.25 ±1.79	88.62 ± 3.42 (-10.71%)	81.45 ± 6.83 ^{^c} (-17.93 %)
IB	161.95 ± 3.49	140.83 ±11.50 (-13.04%)	100.33 ± 3.20 ^{^a} (-38.04%)
PS	89.32 ± 8.7	102.12 ± 7.5 (+14.33%)	69.96 ± 3.15 (-21.67%)
RS	84.87 ± 8.54	90.95 ± 14.30 (+7.16 %)	77.60 ± 9.80 (-08.56%)

Table 1 A: Effects of peel extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV, 1000 & 500 mg/kg/day), Daucus carota (DC, 400 & 200 mg/kg/day), Ipoema batatas (IB, 480 & 240 mg/kg/day), Pisum sativum (PS, 100 & 50 mg/kg/day) and Raphanus sativus (RS, 480 & 240 mg/kg/day) for 15 days in the alterations in serum glucose (mg/dl) in normoglycemic animals. Percent changes are shown in the parentheses below.

Data are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 7). CTRL, control; ^a, P<0.001 and ^c^,P<0.05 as compared to the control values; HD, High dose, LD, low dose. +, increase; -decrease.

Table 2

Peel extracts	Ctrl	HD	LD
BV	0.55 ± 0.12	0.85 ± 0.20 (+54.54%)	0.45 ± 0.07 (-18.18%)
DC	0.94 ± 0.12	0.89 ± 0.08 (-05.31%)	0.41 ± 0.10 ^{^b} (-56.38%)
IB	1.10 ± 0.04	0.84 ± 0.11 (-23.63%)	0.62 ± 0.09 ^{^a} (-43.63%)
PS	0.25 ± 0.05	0.44 ± 0.06 (+76.00%)	0.17 ± 0.01 (-32.00%)
RS	1.09 ± 0.11	1.66 ± 0.22 (+52.29%)	0.77 ± 0.29 (-29.35%)

Table 1 B: Effects of peel extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV, 1000 & 500 mg/kg/day), Daucus carota (DC, 400 & 200 mg/kg/day), Ipoema batatas (IB, 480 & 240 mg/kg/day), Pisum sativum (PS, 100 & 50 mg/kg/day) and Raphanus sativus (RS, 480 & 240 mg/kg/day) for 15 days in the alterations in hepatic lipidperoxidation (nM MDA formed /h / mg protein) in normoglycemic animals. Percent changes are shown in the parentheses below.

Data are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 7). CTRL, control; ^a, P<0.001 and ^b,P<0.01 as compared to the control values; HD, High dose, LD, low dose. +, increase; -decrease.

Table 3

Paramts	Ctrl	Allx	Allx + BV	Allx +DC	Allx +IB	Allx +PS	Allx +RS
GLU (mg/dl)	92.18 ±1.81	193.03 ±15.33 *	231.51 ±36.90	75.46 ±5.39 a	81.15 ±10.66 a	305.47 ±52.20	149.00 ±41.30
INSULIN (µIU/ml)	17.28 ±1.24	7.85 ±1.44 *	10.80 ±1.85	21.41 ±2.55 a	29.21 ±1.16 a	12.28 ±2.24	14.52 ±3.31
LPO (nM MDA Formed /h/mg protein)	0.68 ±0.05	1.05 ±0.10 y	1.13 ±0.07	0.80 ±0.05 b	0.81 ±0.06 c	0.77 ±0.09	0.73 ±0.03 b
SOD (units/mg Protein)	7.45 ±0.48	4.36 ±0.26 *	6.74 ±0.45 a	8.22 ±0.87 a	7.37 ±0.34 a	4.57 ±0.58	7.09 ±0.31 a
CAT (µM H₂O₂ Formed /min/mg protein)	73.31 ±1.40	66.88 ±2.29 *	86.85 ±2.39 a	90.56 ±6.53 b	84.53 ±4.70 b	72.30 ±9.20	68.81 ±3.13

Table 2: Effects of peel extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV, 500 mg/kg/day), Daucus carota (DC, 200 mg/kg/day), Ipoema batatas (IB, 240 mg/kg/day), Pisum sativum (PS, 50 mg/kg/day) and Raphanus sativus (RS,240 mg/kg/day) for 15 days in the alterations in serum glucose and insulin concentrations and in hepatic LPO,SOD and CAT values in alloxan (Allx) treated animals.

Data are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 7). CTRL,control;^x, P< 0.001 ^y,P<0.01 and ^z,P<0.05 as compared to the respective control values. ^a, P<0.001, ^b,P<0.01 and ^{c ,}P<0.05 as compared to the respective value of alloxan treated animals.

Table 4

Paramts	Allx +BV	Allx +DC	Allx +IB	Allx +PS	Allx +RS
Glucose	NS	-60.90%	-57.95%	NS	NS
Insulin	NS	172.73%	272.10%	NS	NS
LPO	NS	-23.80%	-22.85%	NS	-30.47%
SOD	54.58%	88.53%	69.03%	NS	-62.61%
CAT	29.85%	35.40%	26.39%	NS	NS

Table 3: Percent changes in the concentrations of serum glucose and insulin as well as in hepatic LPO, SOD and CAT values following the administration of peel extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV, 500 mg/kg/day), Daucus carota (DC, 200 mg/kg/day), Ipoema batatas (IB, 240 mg/kg/day), Pisum sativum (PS,50 mg/kg/day) and Raphanus sativus (RS, 240 mg/kg/day) for 15 days in the alloxan treated animals as compared to the control animals.

+, increase; -decrease; LPO, lipidperoxidation; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, Catalase

Tables at a glance

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Figures at a glance

Figure 1

FIGURE 1

Figure 1: Total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of the peel extracts of Beta vulgaris (BV), Daucus carota (DC), Ipoema batatas (IB), Pisum sativum (PS) and Raphanus sativus (RS). Phenol content (PP) is expressed in mg gallic acid equivalents / 100 gm dry wt. of the peel extracts and flavinoids (FL) in mg quercetin equivalents / 100 gm dry wt. of peel extract. Values are means ± SE of five measurements.