Figure 1 Scatter plots of WMLs volume and hippocampus, amygdale and CGM volume

Table 1: Demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects (n=100).

Variables

Mean (s.d.)/n(%)

Age

69.0±8.7

Sex(male)

62(62.0%)

Education years

5.1±3.6

Hypertension

71(71.0%)

Diabetes

32(32.0%)

Smoking history

51(51.0%)

Prior stroke

11(11.0%)

NIHSS on admission

4.5±3.1

MMSE

25.8 (3.2)

GDS

4.5 (3.9)

Intracranial volume (cm3)

1446.82 (173.62)

Grey matter volume (cm3)

574.12 (75.31)

Grey matter / intracranial volume

0.397

Hippocampal volume (cm3)*
Amygdala volume (cm3)*

7.36 (0.91)
2.81 (0.42)

White matter lesions volume (cm3)

5.44 (4.22)

NIHSS=the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; BI=Barthle index; MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination; GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale. * The sum of left and right

Table 2: Clinical and imaging characteristics between smaller and larger volume groups in term of hippocampus, amygadala and cortical grey matter.

 

Hippocampus

Amygdala

Cortical grey matter

 

smaller
n=50

larger n=50

smaller
n=50

larger n=50

smaller
n=50

larger
n=50

Clinical variables

 

 

 

 

 

 

age

71.9±9.3‡

66.1±7.4

71.9±8.6‡

66.1±8.2

71.5±7.9‡

66.4±9.1

sex(male)

38(76.0%)‡

24(48.0%)

34(68.0%)

28(56.0%)

37(74.0%)†

25(50.0%)

education years

5.1±3.5

5.2±3.6

5.1±3.6

5.1±3.5

5.2±3.2

5.0±3.9

hypertension

34(68.0%)

37(74.0%)

33(66.0%)

38(76.0%)

35(70.0%)

36(72.0%)

diabetes mellitus

17(34.0%)

15(30.0%)

14(28.0%)

18(36.0%)

17(34.0%)

15(30.0%)

hyperlipidemia

28(56.0%)

27(54.0%)

25(50.0%)

30(60.0%)

24(48.0%)

31(62.0%)

ischemic heart disease

2(4.0%)

4(8.0%)

2(4.0%)

4(8.0%)

4(8.0%)

2(4.0%)

previous stroke

7(14.0%)

4(8.0%)

7(14.0%)

4(8.0%)

6(12.0%)

5(10.0%)

smoking history

30(60.0%)*

21(42.0%)

28(56.0%)

23(46.0%)

30(60.0%)*

21(42.0%)

MMSE

25.6±3.5

26.0±3.1

25.7±3.2

25.9±3.3

25.9±3.3

25.7±3.2

GDS

4.2±3.9

4.8±3.8

4.3±4.1

4.7±3.6

4.3±3.9

4.6±3.8

Imaging variables

 

 

 

 

 

 

no of old lacunes

0.9±1.6

0.6±1.0

0.8±1.6

0.6±1.0

0.8±1.4

0.6±1.3

no of old infarcts

1.0±1.6

0.7±1.1

1.0±1.6

0.8±1.1

1.0±1.4

0.8±1.3

Std. volume of old infarcts

1.2±3.2*

0.1±0.1

1.0±2.2

0.5±2.4

1.0±3.0†

0.3±1.2

Std. WMLs volume

5.1±3.5‡

2.4±1.7

4.9±3.6‡

2.6±1.8

4.0±2.1‡

3.5±3.8

presence of CMBs

14(28.0%)

12(24.0%)

12(24.0%)

14(28.0%)

16(32.0%)

10(20.0%)

no of CMBs

1.3±2.9

0.9±3.2

1.2±2.9

0.9±3.1

1.3±2.8

0.9±3.2

*P< 0.1; †P< 0.05; ‡P< 0.01. MMSE= Mini-mental Status Examination; GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale; Std. WMLs volume = Standardized white matter lesions volume; CMBs= cerebral microbleeds.

Table 3: Logistic regression analysis of smaller volumes of the hippocampus, amygdale and cortical grey matter

Variables

Smaller hippocampal

Smaller Amygdala

Smaller   CGM volume

 

P

OR (95%C.I.)

P

OR (95%C.I.)

P

OR (95%C.I.)

Age

0.098

1.060
(0.989-1.135)

0.033

1.062
(1.005-1.123)

<0.001

1.123
(1.055-1.195)

Sex(male)

0.004

5.714
(1.754-18.519)

--

--

0.001

6.173
(2.105-18.182)

Std. WMLs volume

0.004

1.869
(1.226-2.849)

0.070

1.042
(0.997-1.090)

0.317

0.903
(0.740-1.103)

Old infarcts volume

0.139

2.919
(0.706-12.074)

--

--

0.204

1.151
(0.926-1.431)

Smoking history

0.574

0.701
(0.220-2.230)

--

--

0.661

0.795
(0.285-2.217)

CGM= Cortical grey matter; Std. WMLs volume = Standardized white matter lesions volume; OR=odds ratio.