(n)	1st Quartile (20)	2nd Quartile (21)	3rd Quartile (18)	4th Quartile (19)	p
Age (years)	11.1 ± 2.4	9.7 ± 2.7	10.7 ± 2.5	10.2 ± 2.1	0.273
Female / Male	13 / 7	11 / 10	9 / 9	5 / 14	0.108
Prepubertal / Pubertal	7 / 13	12 / 9	10 / 8	9 / 10	0.482
z-BMI	2.88 ± 0.96	3.23 ± 1.99	2.73 ± 1.10	2.45 ± 1.00	0.351
Overweight (years)	8.5 [4.0-10]	4.4 [2.5-6.2]	4.6 [2.4-6.0]	4.3 [2.6-6.0]	0.038
Sedentary time (h)	20.3 ± 2.0	18.8 ± 1.8	18.4 ± 2.4	17.9 ± 2.1	0.005
Spontaneous PA (h)	0.0 [0.0-1.0]	4.2 [3.6-5.8]	6.0 [1.4-9.6]	15.7[14-20]	0.001
Programmed PA (h)	1.2 [0.1-2.0]	1.0 [1.0-1.0]	3.8 [2.0-7.6]	2.0 [1-3.6]	0.001
SBP (mm Hg) Percentile	105 ± 10 51 [41-72]	100 ± 11 48 [40-69]	100 ± 15 46 [40-65]	97 ± 11 42 [38-48]	0.02a 0.02a
DBP (mm Hg) Percentile	65 ± 7 75 [48-75]	63 ± 11 65 [48-75]	65 ± 12 74 [46-85]	61 ± 8 49 [47-59]	0.056 0.013a
Waist-to-Height	0.63 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.08	0.60 ± 0.07	0.59 ± 0.06	0.04a
PTr-FMI	8.3 ± 2.5	8.5 ± 2.8	7.5 ± 2.4	6.9 ± 1.5	0.039a
Total Lean/ Fat	1.3 [1.2-1.6]	1.2 [1.1-1.5]	1.4[1.2-1.6]	1.4 [1.3-1.6]	0.02b
PAp-LMI	4.3 [4.1 - 4.6]	4.5[4.1- 4.9]	4.4[4.1- 4.8]	4.8[4.5- 5.3]	0.039a

Table 1: Clinical and densitometric characteristics according to quartiles of activity. Patients in the fourth quartile of physical activity have a lower blood pressure, lower trunk adiposity and a higher appendicular lean mass. PA: physical activity, SBP and DBP: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, PTr-FMI: ponderal trunk fat mass index, PAp-LMI: ponderal appendicular lean mass index, a 1st vs 4th quartile, b 1st-2nd vs 3rd-4th quartile

(n)	1st quartile (20)	2nd quartile (21)	3rd quartile (18)	4th quartile (19)	p
Glycemia mmol/L	5.5 ± 0.3	5.3 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 0.2	0.04b
120minGlucose mmol/L	6.9 [6.4-7.5]	6.1 [5.5-6.7]	6.4 [5.7-7]	5.6 [5.2-6.0]	<0.01c
Glucose AUC	893 [820-971]	848[808-890]	835[788-885]	795 [756-837]	0.02a
Insulin AUC	9757 [7751 – 12281]	10510 [8043–3734]	7809 [6257 – 9746]	6490 [5186 – 8122]	0.02d
Adiponectin ng/mL	20647± 11573	22005± 9398	33046±19087	33908± 15306	0.018
Myostatin pg/mL	826.2 ± 332.5	722.6 ± 345.0	756.5 ± 268.7	608.3 ±214.7	0.036a
AD/MT	20.8 [17-43]	38.2 [16-46]	41.4 [22-81]	60.3 [27-101]	0.02a
HOMA- IR	3.1 [2.3 - 4.1]	2.9 [1.9 - 4.4]	2.5 [1.8 - 3.3]	2.0 [1.3 - 3.0]	0.05e
WBISI	2.5 [1.9 - 3.3]	2.6 [1.9 - 3.6]	3.3 [2.6 - 4.3]	4.1 [3.0 - 5.6]	0.04a
Muscle-IS	7. 8 [5.5 - 11.1]	7.4[4.0- 13.6]	9.3[5.2- 16.4]	13.4[9.5-18.7]	0.03d
Liver-IR	76.6 [67.2-93.8]	76.0 [63.8-140]	59.9 [44.1-86.4]	50.6 [41.8-89.5]	0.019e
O-GDI	1.5 [1.3 - 1.8]	1.8 [1.5 - 2.1]	1.7 [1.5 - 1.9]	1.9 [1.6 - 2.2]	0.04a
IFG / IGT / DM2	10 / 1 / 2	3 / 2 / 0	1 / 1 / 0	2 / 0 / 0	0.002

(n)	1st quartile (20)	2nd quartile (21)	3rd quartile (18)	4th quartile (19)	p
Glycemia mmol/L	5.5 ± 0.3	5.3 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 0.2	0.04b
120minGlucose mmol/L	6.9 [6.4-7.5]	6.1 [5.5-6.7]	6.4 [5.7-7]	5.6 [5.2-6.0]	<0.01c
Glucose AUC	893 [820-971]	848[808-890]	835[788-885]	795 [756-837]	0.02a
Insulin AUC	9757 [7751 – 12281]	10510 [8043–3734]	7809 [6257 – 9746]	6490 [5186 – 8122]	0.02d
Adiponectin ng/mL	20647± 11573	22005± 9398	33046±19087	33908± 15306	0.018
Myostatin pg/mL	826.2 ± 332.5	722.6 ± 345.0	756.5 ± 268.7	608.3 ±214.7	0.036a
AD/MT	20.8 [17-43]	38.2 [16-46]	41.4 [22-81]	60.3 [27-101]	0.02a
HOMA- IR	3.1 [2.3 - 4.1]	2.9 [1.9 - 4.4]	2.5 [1.8 - 3.3]	2.0 [1.3 - 3.0]	0.05e
WBISI	2.5 [1.9 - 3.3]	2.6 [1.9 - 3.6]	3.3 [2.6 - 4.3]	4.1 [3.0 - 5.6]	0.04a
Muscle-IS	7. 8 [5.5 - 11.1]	7.4[4.0- 13.6]	9.3[5.2- 16.4]	13.4[9.5-18.7]	0.03d
Liver-IR	76.6 [67.2-93.8]	76.0 [63.8-140]	59.9 [44.1-86.4]	50.6 [41.8-89.5]	0.019e
O-GDI	1.5 [1.3 - 1.8]	1.8 [1.5 - 2.1]	1.7 [1.5 - 1.9]	1.9 [1.6 - 2.2]	0.04a
IFG / IGT / DM2	10 / 1 / 2	3 / 2 / 0	1 / 1 / 0	2 / 0 / 0	0.002

Whole Body Insulin Sensitivity Index (WBISI)
Multiple correlation coefficient			0.87
F Significance level			21.6 p < 0.001
Independent Variables	B-coefficient	partial r	p
(Constant)	3.817
Tanner	-0.151	-0.44	0.144
Muscle insulin sensitivity	0.052	0.63	0.006
Hepatic insulin resistance	-0.027	-0.69	0.001
Weekly physical activity (h)	0.054	0.34	0.033
DXA-Lean/Fat ratio	-0.243	0.27	0.547
Adiponectin/Myostatin ratio	0.057	0.52	0.001

Multiple correlation coefficient			0.91
F Significance level			39.7 p < 0.001
Independent Variables	B-coefficient	partial r	p
(Constant)	98.628
Age	0.401	0.21	0.010
Birth Weight	-1.437	-0.28	0.013
Activity time (h)	-0.105	-0.28	0.035
HOMA-IR	5.448	0.26	< 0.01
HOMA-%b	-0.119	-0.12	< 0.01
Adiponectin	-0.001	-0.22	0.267

120 min glucose
Multiple correlation coefficient			0.72
F Significance level			8.3 p < 0.001
Independent Variables	B-coefficient	partial r	p
(Constant)	169.3
Tanner	0.235	0.29	0.8955
Activity time (h)	-0.943	-0.37	0.0158
Appendicular Lean/Fat	8.990	0.19	0.1321
Peak-nadir glucose time	-0.254	-0.24	0.0111
O-GDI	-28.915	-0.57	< 0.001
Adiponectin	-0.001	-0.01	0.0479

Tables at a glance

Figures at a glance