Figure 1: Effects of perigestational exposure to CPF and HFD on the body weight of male rat offspring at birth (PND3), as juveniles (PND21), and as young adults (PND60). Data are quoted as means ± SEM (n=7-10/group). Effect of diet (HFD and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and CPF groups) ***: p<0.01, £: p<0.1. Effect of CPF (CPF and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and HFD groups) *: p<0.05

Figure 2: Effects of perigestational exposure to CPF and HFD on the in vitro peak contraction of ileal longitudinal and circular smooth muscles in male adult rats expressed as a function of cross-sectional area (g/cm2). Data are depicted as means ± SEM (n=7-10/group). Effect of CPF exposure (CPF and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and HFD groups) *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01

Figure 3: Effects of perigestational exposure to CPF and HFD on AChE activity in the ileum of male rats at PND60. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n=7-10/group). Effect of CPF (CPF and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and HFD groups) *: p<0.05. For a significant CPF x diet interaction, significant differences according to unpaired t-test: # #: p<0.01 vs. control

Figure 4: Gene expression analysis in the ileum of rats at PND60 quantified by real-time PCR. (A) M2 AChR mRNA levels, (B) M3 AChR mRNA levels, (C) SP mRNA coding for tachykinin (substance P), (D) NK1R mRNA coding for neurokinin 1 receptor, and (E) Calmodulin mRNA levels. Data are quoted as the mean ± SEM expressed relative to the control gene expression according to 2−ΔΔ CT method (n=7-10/group). Effect of CPF (CPF and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and HFD groups) *: p<0.05, ***: p<0.001. For a significant CPF x diet interaction, significant differences according to unpaired t-test: #: p<0.05 vs. control

Figure 5: Effects of perigestational exposure to CPF and HFD on the thickness of the longitudinal and circular ileal smooth muscle layers in male rats at PND60. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n=7-10/group). Effect of CPF (CPF and CPF+HFD groups vs. control and HFD groups) *: p<0.05