Figures at a glance

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FIGURE 1

Figure 1: : The therapeutic effect of UCMSC in MCAO mice. MCAO mice were treated with or without UCMSC. (A) mNSS and (B) lesion area in each group. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. *P < 0.05, n=5 or 3.

FIGURE 2

Figure 2 : : UCMSC reduced CD8+ T/NK cells in MCAO mouse brain but not spleen or blood. (A–C) Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence of CD8+ T cells and NK cells in the brain. (D) Immunofluorescence of the activated state of microglia.(E–H) Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of CD8+ T cells and NK cells in the spleen and blood. Scale bar: 100 µm. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. *P < 0.05, n=5

FIGURE 3

Figure 3: Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-a and IL-10 in mouse plasma. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. *P < 0.05, n=3

FIGURE 4

Figure 4: No infective signs were found in the MCAO or UCMSC groups. MCAO mice were treated with or without UCMSC, followed by analysis of (A) white blood cells, (B) lymphocytes, (C) neutrophils, and (D) platelets, as well as (E) HE staining of the brain, lung, liver, and spleen. Scale bar: 100 µm. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. NS, not significant. *P < 0.05, n=5

FIGURE 5

Figure 5: UCMSC limit post-stroke infection and protect important organs. MCAO mice were treated with or without UCMSC in the presence or absence of Escherichia coli. The bacterial burden was assessed in the (A) lung, (B) liver, (C) brain, and (D) blood. (E) HE staining showing the germinal centre of the spleen and damage in the lung, brain, and liver. Plasma levels of (F) ALT, (G) AST, (I) LDH, (M) TNF-a, (N) IL-6, (O) IL-10. Scale bar: 100 µm. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, n=5.

FIGURE 6

Figure 6: Platelet function was maintained by UCMSC treatment in vivo. MCAO mice were treated with or without UCMSCs in the presence or absence of Escherichia coli. (A) Numbers of platelets. (B) Levels of autophagy marker LC3-II and apoptosis markers Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Platelet (C) mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and (D) ATP levels. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. *P < 0.05, n=5

FIGURE 7

Figure 7: Antimicrobial activity of platelets was enhanced by UCMSC. Growth rate of Escherichia coli in Luria-Bertani medium co-cultured with or without platelets in the presence or absence of UCMSC. The data are plotted as the means ± SD. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, n=5