| Characteristic | Study (N=30) | Control (N=60) | p value |
| Maternal age, years | 25 (4) | 26 (4) | 0.13 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.8 (4.5) | 22.8 (5.2) | 0.99 |
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 39.2 (1.0) | 39.1 (1.3) | 0.63 |
| Pregnancy number | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.36 |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 | 6 (10%) | 0.17 |
| Gestational hypertension | 0 | 4 (6.6%) | 0.3 |
| Epidural analgesia | 17 (56.6) | 38 (63.3%) | 0.65 |
| Second stage length, min | 87 (88) | 61 (66) | 0.12 |
| Neonatal weight at birth, gr | 3411 (388) | 3170 (389) | 0.007 |
| Male sex | 19 (63.3%) | 28 (46.7%) | 0.12 |
| Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) or n (%) | |||
| Characteristic | Study (N=30) | Control (N=60) | p value |
| Maternal age, years | 25 (4) | 26 (4) | 0.13 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.8 (4.5) | 22.8 (5.2) | 0.99 |
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 39.2 (1.0) | 39.1 (1.3) | 0.63 |
| Pregnancy number | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.36 |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 | 6 (10%) | 0.17 |
| Gestational hypertension | 0 | 4 (6.6%) | 0.3 |
| Epidural analgesia | 17 (56.6) | 38 (63.3%) | 0.65 |
| Second stage length, min | 87 (88) | 61 (66) | 0.12 |
| Neonatal weight at birth, gr | 3411 (388) | 3170 (389) | 0.007 |
| Male sex | 19 (63.3%) | 28 (46.7%) | 0.12 |
| Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) or n (%) | |||
Table 1: Maternal baseline characteristics of the study cohort
| Gene (SNP number) | Genotype | Study | Control | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| (n=30) | (n=60) | ||||
| Fibulin 5 (rs2018736) | AA (normal) | 13 (43.3) | 16 (26.7) | 0.25a | 1.0 (reference) |
| AC | 14 (46.7) | 34 (56.7) | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) | ||
| CC | 3 (10) | 10 (16.7) | 0.3 (0.08–1.7) | ||
| Fibulin 5 (rs12589592) | GG (normal) | 19 (63.3) | 36 (60) | 0.93b | 1.0 (reference) |
| GA | 10 (33.3) | 20 (33.3) | 0.9 (0.3–2.4) | ||
| GG | 1 (3.3) | 4 (6.7) | 0.4 (0.04–4.5) | ||
| ZFAT (rs1036819) | AA (normal) | 24 (80) | 46 (76.7) | 0.90b | 1.0 (reference) |
| AC | 6 (20) | 12 (20) | 0.9 (0.3–2.8) | ||
| CC | 0 | 2 (3.3) | NA | ||
| Collagen 3 alpha 1 (rs1800255) | GG (normal) | 15 (50) | 30 (50) | 0.43b | 1.0 (reference) |
| GA | 12 (40) | 28 (46.7) | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | ||
| AA | 3 (10) | 2 (3.3) | 3 (0.4–19.9) | ||
| Collagen 3 alpha 1 (rs1801184) | GG (normal) | 10 (33.3) | 23 (38.3) | 0.891 | 1.0 (reference) |
| GA | 17 (56.7) | 31 (51.7) | 1.2 (0.5–3.2) | ||
| AA | 3 (10) | 6 (10) | 1.1 (0.2–5.5) | ||
| MMP9 (rs17576) | AA (normal) | 18 (60) | 26 (43.3) | 0.31a | 1.0 (reference) |
| AG | 9 (30) | 24 (40) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | ||
| GG | 3 (10) | 10 (16.7) | 0.4 (0.1–1.8) | ||
| MMP9 (rs3918253) | TT (normal) | 5 (16.7) | 18 (30) | 0.30a | 1.0 (reference) |
| TC | 14 (46.7) | 27 (45) | 1.8 (0.5–6.1) | ||
| CC | 11 (36.7) | 15 (25) | 2.6 (0.8–9.3) | ||
| MMP10 (rs17435959) | GG (normal) | 30 (100) | 55 (91.7) | 0.39b | 1.0 (reference) |
| GC | 0 | 4 (6.7) | NA | ||
| CC | 0 | 1 (1.7) | NA | ||
| Laminin gamma-1 (rs10911193) | CC (normal) | 25 (83.3) | 54 (90) | 0.53b | 1.0 (reference) |
| CT | 5 (16.7) | 5 (8.3) | 2.1 (0.5–8.1) | ||
| TT | 0 | 1 (1.7) | NA | ||
| Laminin gamma-1 (rs10911241) | AA (normal) | 26 (86.7) | 52 (86.7) | 1b | 1.0 (reference) |
| AG | 4 (13.3) | 7 (11.7) | 1.1 (0.3–4.2) | ||
| GG | 0 | 1 (1.7) | NA |
Table 2: Occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the study cohort
Tables at a glance