Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier survival estimates by race category (N=4220, p< 0.0001)

Variable

 

Percentage

Non-Black*

Black*

p-value

Vital status

Alive

88.15

91.84 

8.16

<.0001

 

Dead due to breast cancer

6.87

78.55

21.45

 

 

Dead due to other reasons

4.98

91.90 

8.10

 

Age at dx

Age at dx <= 50

24.38

87.12

12.88

<.0001

 

Age at dx > 50

75.62

92.16 

7.84

 

Race

White    

89.16

 

 

 

 

Black 

9.07

 

 

 

 

Other

1.76

 

 

 

Hispanic

No   

93.30

90.46 

9.54

0.0002

 

Yes   

6.70

97.14 

2.86

 

Social economic status

> 20% living below poverty line

14.15

68.30

31.70

<.0001

 

Between 10% and <20% of population living in poverty    

34.19

91.45 

8.55

 

 

Between 5% and <10% of population living in poverty    

30.31

96.62 

3.38

 

 

< 5% of population living in poverty

19.17

96.90 

3.10

 

 

Unknown

2.18

97.80 

2.20

 

Married

Unmarried   

46.40

87.93

12.07

<.0001

 

Married     

51.40

93.76 

6.24

 

 

Unknown

2.20

87.18

12.82

 

Insurance

Not insured

2.61

88.99

11.01

<.0001

 

Medicaid

7.11

76.92

23.08

 

 

Medicare

35.92

94.17 

5.83

 

 

Other insurance

52.58

90.48 

9.52

 

 

Unknown

1.78

97.33 

2.67

 

Total comorbidity

 

0.99 (1.45)

0.96 (1.41)

1.31 (1.80)

0.0003

Table1 Patient characteristics and relation with race (N = 4,220)

* row % or mean (std. dev.)

Variable

 

Percentage

Non-Black*

Black*

p-value

ER

-    

19.55

85.52

14.48

<.0001

 

+    

72.87

92.28 

7.72

 

 

Unknown 

7.58

91.85 

8.15

 

PR

-    

34.27

87.98

12.02

<.0001

 

+    

57.89

92.67 

7.33

 

 

Unknown 

7.84

90.91 

9.09

 

HER2

-    

17.94

89.23

10.77

0.2082

 

+    

4.91

91.26 

8.74

 

 

Unknown

77.16

91.29 

8.71

 

Triple Negative

No 

74.91

92.24 

7.76

<.0001

 

Yes

2.61

72.22

27.78

 

 

Unknown

22.49

88.71

11.29

 

Breast surgery

No surgery

1.49

88.89

11.11

0.0009

 

Mastectomy

38.70

89.78

10.22

 

 

Other surgery

51.68

92.49 

7.51

 

 

Unknown

8.13

86.76

13.24

 

Hormone

No

78.20

90.71 

9.29

0.2581

 

Yes

20.78

91.41 

8.59

 

 

Unknown

1.02

97.62 

2.38

 

Radiation

No

68.27

91.11

8.89

0.6310

 

Yes

31.02

90.62 

9.38

 

 

Unknown

0.71

86.67

13.33

 

Chemo

No

62.04

92.78 

7.22

<.0001

 

Yes

35.38

87.42

12.58

 

 

Unknown

2.58

94.50 

5.50

 

Stage

Localized

62.42

92.86 

7.14

<.0001

 

Regional

28.63

88.69

11.31

 

 

Distant

4.93

81.16

18.84

 

 

Unknown /un-staged

4.03

88.82

11.18

 

Grade

Well-differentiated

20.45

95.33

4.67

<.0001

 

Moderately-differentiated

38.51

92.97 

7.03

 

 

Poorly- or un-differentiated

41.04

86.82

13.18

 

Histology

Ductal

83.29

90.79 

9.21

0.0094

 

Lobular

10.69

94.00 

6.00

 

 

Other 

6.02

87.25

12.75

 

Tumor Size (mm)

 

21.98 (19.93)

21.37 (19.42)

28.34 (23.80)

<.0001

Number of positive nodes examined

 

1.14 (2.97)

1.07 (2.88)

1.77 (3.77)

0.0004

Total number of nodes examined

 

6.11 (7.36)

5.97 (7.28)

7.50 (8.06)

0.0004

Table2 Tumor characteristics, treatment, and relation with race (N = 4,220)

* row % or mean (std. dev.)

Variable

 

Estimate

Std. Err.

p-value

Hazard Ratio

Triple Negative

Triple negative vs Non-triple negative

1.47

0.32

<.0001

4.34

 

Unknown vs Non-triple negative

0.86

0.13

<.0001

2.35

Comorbidity

 

0.47

0.13

0.0003

1.59*

Race

Black vs Non-Black

0.46

0.16

0.0030

1.59

Diagnosis stage

Distant vs Localized stage

4.93

0.98

<.0001

138.95*

 

Regional vs Localized stage

1.08

0.20

<.0001

2.96

 

Unknown vs Localized stage

1.70

0.25

<.0001

5.46

Tumor grade

Moderately- vs Well-differentiated

0.61

0.32

0.0532

1.85

 

Poorly-/un- vs Well-differentiated

0.91

0.31

0.0034

2.49

Tumor size (mm)

 

0.01

0.00

<.0001

1.01

Number of + nodes

 

0.10

0.02

<.0001

1.10

Number of nodes

 

-0.22

0.08

0.0054

0.81*

Breast surgery

Mastectomy vs No surgery

0.06

0.32

0.8539

1.06

 

Other surgery vs No surgery

-0.27

0.34

0.4333

0.77

 

Unknown vs No surgery

0.49

0.30

0.1041

1.64

Insurance

No insurance vs Other insurance

0.49

0.26

0.0619

1.63

 

Medicaid vs Other insurance

0.34

0.19

0.0729

1.41

 

Medicare vs Other insurance

0.50

0.14

0.0004

1.66

Marital status

Unmarried vs Married

0.32

0.13

0.0150

1.37

 

Unknown vs Married

-0.80

0.60

0.1800

0.45

Interactions with time

 

 

 

 

Comorbidity x ln(time)

-0.06

0.02

0.0051

 

Distant stage x ln(time)

-0.41

0.16

0.0095

 

Number of nodes x ln(time)

0.03

0.01

0.0288

 

Table3 multivariate survival analysis of time to breast cancer death (N = 4,124)

* HR at day 1 after diagnosis