Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

 

HIV negative

HIV positive

p value

 

 

N = 324

N = 114

<0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

Age

39.1±15.1

41.3±12.6

0.089

 

Race

 

 

0.359

 

Hispanic

10(3.1)

1(0.9)

 

 

Black

279(86.1)

106(93.0)

 

 

White

13(4.0)

1(0.9)

 

 

Asian

2(0.6)

1(0.9)

 

 

Native American

1(0.3)

0(0.0)

 

 

Other/multiple

19(5.9)

5(4.4)

 

 

Marital Status

 

 

0.457

 

Married, living together

59(18.2)

12(10.6)

 

 

Married, separated

15(4.6)

5(4.4)

 

 

Divorced

23(7.1)

8(7.1)

 

 

Widowed

16(4.9)

3(2.7)

 

 

Living with boyfriend or partner

40(12.4)

14(12.4)

 

 

Single

167(51.5)

70(62.0)

 

 

Other

4(1.2)

1(0.9)

 

 

Education

 

 

0.043

 

11th grade or less

39(12.1)

21(18.8)

 

 

High School graduate/GED

118(36.5)

49(43.8)

 

 

Some college

108(33.4)

31(27.7)

 

 

Completed 4 year college

58(18.0)

11(9.8)

 

 

degree or more

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income

 

 

0.034

 

$0 - $19,999

132(42.6)

63(55.8)

 

 

$20,000 - $29,999

57(18.4)

18(15.9)

 

 

$30,000 -$54,999

70(22.6)

24(21.2)

 

 

$55,000 or more

51(16.5)

8(7.1)

 

 

Main course of financial support

 

 

0.150

 

Own job or Salary

122(38.4)

34(30.4)

 

 

Public assistance

103(32.4)

49(43.8)

 

 

Someone else’s job

28(8.8)

10(8.9)

 

 

Multiple source

26(8.2)

11(9.8)

 

 

Other

39(12.3)

8(7.1)

 

 

Number of pregnancies

3.1±2.5

4.0±2.9

0.002

 

Number of unplanned pregnancies

0.8±1.4

1.1±1.7

0.175

 

Living Children

1.7±1.6

2.3±1.9

0.009

 

Number of Abortions

0.7±1.3

0.8±1.3

0.986

 

Number of Miscarriages

0.4±0.9

0.6±1.2

0.260

 

Number of Ectopic Pregnancies

0.1±0.2

0.1±0.3

0.261

 

Age first vaginal sex

16.5±3.2

16.0±4.0

0.031

 

Number of partners

5.8±7.4

7.6±9.1

0.017

 

Table1 Demographics for Survey Participants

 

HIV Negative

HIV positive

p value

 

<0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Autocracy

 

 

 

 

 

“I don’t want to have a baby.”

60(18.5)

34(29.8)

0.0114

 

 

Bargaining

 

 

 

 

 

“But we could get pregnant.”

70(21.6)

30(26.3)

0.3027

 

 

“We need to use a condom to be safe.”

 

105(32.4)

 

69(60.5)

 

<0.0001

 

 

 

 

 

Bullying

 

 

 

 

 

“Here is a condom.”

84(25.9)

51(44.7)

0.0002

 

 

Just put a condom on him without saying anything.

 

20(6.2)

 

32(28.1)

 

0.0004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Disengagement

 

 

 

 

 

“I will not have sex without a condom.”

 

89(27.5)

 

52(45.6)

 

0.0004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Manipulation

 

 

 

 

 

“I have a STD.”

14(4.3)

12(10.5)

0.0159

 

 

Supplication

 

 

 

 

 

“Do you have a condom?”

82(25.3)

52(45.6)

<0.0001

 

Table2 Negotiation Tactics of Survey Participants