Variables |
Categories |
No (%) |
Age of mother |
15-24 |
147 (21.8) |
25-34 |
307 (45.6) |
|
≥35 |
219(32.5) |
|
Educational status of mother |
Illiterate |
190 (28.2) |
Literate |
483 (71.8) |
|
Occupational status of mother |
Gov. Employee |
39 (5.8) |
Farmer |
7 (1.0) |
|
merchant |
54 (8.0) |
|
House wife |
573 (85.1) |
|
Residence |
Urban |
126 (18.7) |
Rural |
547 (81.3) |
|
|
Orthodox |
105 (1.6) |
Protestant |
559 (83.1) |
|
Others |
9 (1.3) |
|
Ethnicity of mother |
Dawro |
641 (95.2) |
Wolayta |
18 (2.7) |
|
Other |
14 (2) |
|
Husbands’ education |
Illiterate |
300 (45.4) |
Literate |
361(54.6) |
|
Husbands’ occupation |
Farmer |
518 (77.0) |
Employee |
69 (10.3) |
|
Merchant |
57 (8.5) |
|
Others |
17 (2.5) |
|
HH monthly |
≤ 500 |
274 (40.7) |
501-1000 |
274 (40.7) |
|
1001-1500 |
93 (13.8) |
|
≥ 1501 |
32 (4.7) |
|
Distance to HF |
£ 2 hours |
330 (49.0) |
> 2 hours |
343 (51.0) |
|
HH size |
£3 |
62(9.2) |
4-6 |
500 (74.3) |
|
>6 |
111(16.5) |
|
Decision on maternal health services |
Self |
204 (30.3) |
jointly |
328 (48.7) |
|
Husband |
141 (21.0) |
|
Marital status |
Married |
661 (98.2) |
Divorced |
12 (1.7) |
Table 1: Socio-economic and demographic characteristics of study participants in Loma district, Ethiopia, 2017
Variables |
Categories |
No (%) |
ANC during last pregnancy |
Yes |
296(44.0) |
No |
377(56.0) |
|
Parity |
1-2 |
266(39.5) |
3-5 |
341(50.9) |
|
>5 |
66(9.8) |
|
Place of ANC |
Hospital |
90(13.4) |
Health Center |
144(21.4) |
|
Health Post |
29(4.3) |
|
Home |
33(4.9) |
|
Number of ANC
|
Four and above |
39(5.8) |
Two to three |
182(27.0) |
|
One |
75(11.1) |
|
ANC providers |
Doctor/nurse/midwife |
227(33.7) |
Health extension worker |
34(5.1) |
|
Traditional birth attendants |
35(5.2) |
|
Place of delivery
|
Hospital |
65(9.7) |
Health Center |
105(15.6) |
|
Health Post |
317(47.1) |
|
Home |
186(27.6) |
|
Mode of last delivery |
Cesarean section |
11(1.6) |
Instrumental delivery |
51(7.6) |
|
spontaneous vaginal |
611(90.8) |
|
Number of PNC |
2-3 times |
166(24.7) |
4 and above |
15(2.2) |
|
Table 2:Obstetric history of maternal health service in Loma district, Ethiopia, 2017
Variables |
Categories |
No (%) |
Delivery assistance
|
Doctor/nurse/midwife |
165(24.5) |
Health extension workers |
331(49.2) |
|
Traditional birth attendants |
177(26.30) |
|
Check at HFs |
Yes |
139(20.7) |
No |
54(79.3) |
|
Time of first check up at HFs
|
Less than 4 hours |
6(.9) |
4-23 hours |
133(19.8) |
|
Duration at HFs
|
Less than 2 hours |
6(.9) |
2-5 hours |
3(.4) |
|
Half day |
127(18.9) |
|
12-24 hours |
3(.4) |
|
PNC
|
Yes |
247(36.7) |
No |
426(63.3) |
|
Place of PNC
|
Home |
74(11.0) |
Health post |
108(16.0) |
|
Health center |
61(9,1) |
|
Hospital |
4(0.6) |
|
PNC provider
|
Doctor/nurse/midwife |
82(12.2) |
Health extension workers |
160(23.8) |
|
Traditional birth attendants |
5(0.7) |
|
Service in PNC |
EPI |
461(68) |
Nutritional counseling of mothers and newborn |
272(40.4) |
|
Family planning |
175(26.0) |
|
Others |
87(12.9) |
|
Duration of first PNC |
0-24 hours |
15(2.2) |
2-7 days |
34(5.1) |
|
8-42 days |
198(29.4) |
Table 3: Maternal health service utilization of women in Loma district, Ethiopia, 2017
Variables |
Categories |
N (%) |
Complication of pregnancy and delivery |
Yes |
621(92.3) |
No |
40 (5.9) |
|
I don't remember |
12 (1.8) |
|
Complication |
Excessive vaginal bleeding |
96 (14.3) |
Prolonged labor |
541(80.4) |
|
retained placenta |
17 (2.5) |
|
Reason for non use of PNC |
Cost too much |
6 (0.9) |
Facility not open |
28 (4.2) |
|
Facility too far/no transportation |
214 (31.8) |
|
Poor quality service |
108 (16.0) |
|
Husband/family did not allow |
49 (7.3) |
|
Not necessary |
3 (0.4) |
|
Knows risk |
Yes |
473 (70.3) |
No |
200 (29.7) |
|
Risk response |
Pregnancy related disease |
228 (33.9) |
Maternal death |
201 (29.9) |
|
Fetal death |
44 (6.5) |
|
Source of health message |
Mass media |
103 (15.3) |
Health professionals including HEWs |
338 (50.2) |
|
Through HDA network |
227 (33.7) |
|
TBAs |
5 (0.7) |
Table 4: Knowledge of mothers on danger sign, complications related to pregnancy and other maternal health services in Loma district, Ethiopia, 2017
Variables |
PNC utilization |
|
|
Yes (%) |
No (%) |
AOR (95% CI) |
|
Residence |
|
|
|
Urban |
77(61.6) |
49(38.9) |
3.72(1.1, 13.20)** |
Rural |
160(30.1) |
377(68.9) |
1.00 |
Education of mothers |
|||
Literate |
114(76) |
76(40) |
3.34(1.32, 8.47)** |
Read and write/informal |
80(37.6) |
133(62.4) |
1.53(0.73, 3.19) |
Illiterate |
53(19.6) |
217(80.4) |
1.00 |
Occupation of mothers |
|||
Gov employee |
24(61.5) |
15(7.4) |
1.82(0.37, 8.9) |
Farmer |
4(57.1) |
3(42.9) |
0.000 |
Merchant |
30(55.5) |
24(44.5) |
7.67(1.4, 42.4)** |
House wife |
189(32.9) |
384(94.1) |
1.00 |
Number of ANC |
|||
Four and above |
26(66) |
13(34) |
.12(.038, .43) |
Two to three |
116(63.7) |
66(35.3) |
.21(.088, .50) |
one |
26(34) |
49(66) |
1.00 |
ANC Provider |
|||
Doctor/nurse/midwife |
151(66.5) |
76(33.5) |
.312(.72, 1.36) |
Health extension workers |
12(35.3) |
22(64.7) |
1.152(.20, 6.53) |
Traditional birth attendants |
5(14.3) |
30(35.7) |
1.00 |
Place of Delivery |
|||
Hospital |
44(68) |
21(32) |
0.9(.3, 3.1) |
Health Center |
54(51.4) |
51(48.6) |
1.658(0.57, 4.83) |
Health Post |
100(31.5) |
217(68.5) |
2.25(1.1, 7.0) ** |
Home |
49(26.3) |
137(73.7) |
1.00 |
Delivery assistance |
|||
Doctor/nurse/midwife |
125(75.7) |
40(24.3) |
0.64(.116, 3.55) |
Health extension workers |
96(29) |
235(71) |
4.69(.907, 24.32) |
Traditional birth attendants |
26(15) |
151(85) |
1.00 |
Distance to HF |
|||
Less than or equal 2 hours |
155(66.5) |
175(33.5) |
1.78(.927, 3.42) |
Greater than 2 hours |
92(26.8) |
251(73.2) |
1.00 |
Table 5:Determinants of postnatal care utilization in Loma district, Ethiopia, 2017