Figure 1: Flow-chart describing recruitment, enrollment, pattern of liver damage and follow-up of 109 pregnant women with abnormal LFTs
VARIABLES |
N = 109 |
AGE(years) |
31.2 ± 6.2 |
NATIONALITY |
96 (88.1%) |
PREVIOUS LIVER DISEASE |
57 (52.3%) |
PATTERN OF LIVER DAMAGE |
32 (29,3%) |
ALT(IU/L) |
86.7 ± 185.2 |
PROM |
11 (10.1%) |
DELIVERY |
74 (67.9%) |
TIMING OF DELIVERY |
37.4 ± 3.5 |
NEWBORN PARAMETERS |
13 (11.9%) |
MULTIPLE ABORTION |
8 (7.3%) |
DM before pregnancy |
10 (9.1%) |
GDM |
19 (17.4%) |
Table 1: Clinical and biochemical features of pregnant presenting with liver damage
PROM: pre-labour rupture of membranes. DM: diabetes mellitus. GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus
VARIABLES |
CHOLESTATIC |
VIRAL |
METABOLIC |
OTHERS |
P-value |
AGE(years) |
31.9 ± 5.4 |
26.7 ± 6.1 |
31.4 ± 6.8 |
31.9 ± 5.8 |
0.60 |
NATIONALITY |
27 (84.4%) |
16 (72.7%) |
40 (87.0%) |
12 (100%) |
0.89 |
COMORBIDITY |
1 (3.1%) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.58 |
PREVIOUS LIVER DISEASE |
1 (3.1%) |
19 (86.4%) |
37 (80.4%) |
0 |
<0.001 |
SYMPTOMS |
25 (78.1%) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
< 0.001 |
ALT (UI/L) |
198.9 ± 349 |
24,6 ±13.9 |
45.9 ± 35.6 |
120.7 ± 90.8 |
0.06 |
DELIVERY MODALITY PROM |
6 (18.7%) |
1 (4.6%) |
3 (6.5%) |
1 (1.1%) |
0.2 |
TIMING OF DELIVERY |
37.6 ± 3.0 |
38.3±1.3 |
37.4±3.7 |
34.9 ± 6.6 |
0.17 |
NEWBORN PARAMETERS |
4 (12.5%) |
1 (4.6%) |
4 (8.7%) |
4 (44.4%) |
0.01 |
MULTIPLE ABORTION |
1 (3.1%) |
1 (4.6%) |
5 (19.9%) |
1 (11.1%) |
0.5 |
DM before pregnancy |
0 |
1 (4.6%) |
8 (17.4%) |
1 (11.1%) |
0.06 |
GDM |
8 (25%) |
3 (13.6%) |
4 (8.7%) |
4 (44.4%) |
0.036 |
Table 2: Comparison of clinical features of pregnant within different patterns of liver damage
PROM: prelabor rupture of membranes. DM: diabetes mellitus. GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus
|
ICP |
CONTROLS |
p |
ABCB4* |
18 (94.7%) |
39 (95.1%) |
0.95 |
ABCB11* |
3 (15.8%) |
10 (24.4%) |
0.5 |
Table 3: Comparison between ABCB11 and ABCB4 polymorphism in pregnant women with ICP and controls
VARIABLES |
ABCB11-CC |
ABCB11 -TT |
ABCB11-TC |
p |
PRURITUS |
12 (100%) |
1 (50.0%) |
3 (60.0%) |
0.04 |
ALT (UI/l) (mean ± SD) |
351.2 ± 258.4 |
351.4 ± 198.8 |
393.28 ± 248.2 |
0.7 |
PREGNANCY OUTCOME |
1 (8.3%) |
- |
- |
0.7 |
PROM |
1 (8.3%) |
- |
3 (60.0%) |
0.04 |
APGARE SCORE < 8 |
4 (33.3%) |
- |
1(20.0%) |
0.6 |
Table 4: Clinical parameters of pregnant women with ICP according to different ABCB11 alleles
IUFD: intrauterine foetal death. IUGR: intrauterine growth retardation. PROM: pre-labour rupture of membranes
Figure 1: Flow-chart describing recruitment, enrollment, pattern of liver damage and follow-up of 109 pregnant women with abnormal LFTs
Figure 2: Different pattern of liver damage in 109 pregnant women referred to our Unit for abnormal LFTs
Figure 3: Diagnostic algorithm for pregnant with alteration of LFTs at II/III trimester of gestation
Figures at a glance